Management Research: Applying The Principles Of Business Research Methods 2nd Edition Susan Rose, Nigel Spinks, Ana Isabel Canhoto - Solutions

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What are the main ways of fi nding existing literature on your subject?
In what type of research is narrative review most appropriate?
What are the main reasons for conducting a narrative literature review?
What type of research question is systematic review most suited to addressing?
What are the main advantages and disadvantages associated with systematic review?
How can you ensure that you get the most from your reading?
What are the main reasons for writing a literature review?
Narrative review is a more traditional approach that has advantages of fl exibility that can make it more appropriate for inductive research and qualitative research designs.
Systematic review is a method that is gaining in popularity in business research as a way of enhancing the reliability of literature searching and review.
A great deal of the work of writing a literature review is based upon reading the work of other researchers in your subject area; key skills can be acquired to help you get the most from your reading.
A competent literature review confi rms you as someone who is competent in the subject area.
Writing a literature review is a means of reviewing the main ideas and research relating to your chosen area of interest.
Have you been writing notes on what you have read? Do you need to reconsider how what you have read fi ts into your research?
Is what you have read going to infl uence your research design in any way? Has it given you ideas about what you need to consider and incorporate?
What have you learned from the literature? Has this changed your understanding of the subject in which you are working in any way?
What have you read recently? Have you found time to read?
What literature searching have you done recently?
Is your list of references up to date in your current areas of interest? Are there new areas of interest that you need to search for?
How recently was the site updated? Many sites will give you a last updated date, but you can get clues as to whether a page is being well maintained by whether or not the links are up to date and by its general appearance.
Who is the author of the site and what is his or her motive for publishing?2.. Where is the site located? The URL can help you here.Is it an academic site (.ac) or a government site (.gov), a non-commercial organization (.org) or a commercial one (.com or .co)?
Are there any unanswered research questions in this area?
Are there any inconsistencies in fi ndings relating to this area?
Are there any signifi cant controversies?
What research methods and research strategies have been employed in studying this area?
What concepts and theories are relevant to this area?
What is already known about this area?
What is the purpose of the research proposal and how can it be useful?
What criteria can be used to evaluate research questions?Writing your research proposal
What are the main steps involved in developing research questions?
What are the main sources of research questions?
What are the main advantages/disadvantages associated with using a Gantt chart to plan your research?
Are you familiar with the data analysis software that you will be using to analyse your data?
Do you have the access that you require in order to carry out your research?
Are the research questions you have identified able to be answered through your research project?
Have you got sufficient financial and practical resources (for example, money to enable travel to research site, tape recorder) to enable you to carry out your research project? Have you formulated some research questions and discussed these with your supervisor?
Do you have a clear timetable for your research project with clearly identifiable milestones for the achievement of specific tasks?
Have you left enough time for planning, doing, and writing up your research project?
Have you made contact with your supervisor?
Do you know what the requirements for your dissertation are, as set out by your university or department?
Can you justify your choice of sampling method?
What kind of sampling strategy will you employ (for example, probability sampling, quota sampling, theoretical sampling, convenience sampling)?
How easily can you gain access to a sampling frame?
Who do you need to study in order to investigate your research questions?
Why might comparative research yield important insights?
What are the chief strengths of a comparative research design?
What are some of the principles by which cases might be selected?Comparative design
Is case study research exclusive to qualitative research?
What is a case study?
What are the main differences between panel and cohort designs in longitudinal research?Case study design
Why might a longitudinal research design be superior to a cross-sectional one?
To what extent is the survey design exclusive to quantitative research?Longitudinal design(s)
Assess the degree to which the survey researcher can achieve internally valid fi ndings.
In what ways does the social survey exemplify the cross-sectional research design?
What is meant by a cross-sectional research design?
What is a quasi-experiment?Cross-sectional design
Following on from the last question, if it is so useful and important, why is it not used more?
‘The main importance of the experimental design for the business researcher is that it represents a model of how to infer causal connections between variables.’ Discuss.
Why is level of analysis a particular consideration in business and management research?Experimental design
What are the main research designs that have been outlined in this chapter?
What is social desirability bias and how might its effects be reduced?Research designs
What is the ‘experimenter effect’ and how might it contribute towards bias?
Why have some qualitative researchers sought to devise alternative criteria from reliability and validity when assessing the quality of investigations?
Outline the meaning of each of the following: measurement validity; internal validity; external validity; and ecological validity.
What are the differences between reliability and validity and why are these important criteria for the evaluation of business research?
In terms of the defi nitions used in this book, what are the chief differences between each of the following: a research method; a research strategy; and a research design?Criteria in business research
List the three most important practical considerations that need to be taken into consideration in your research project.
What are the politics of business research and how could this affect your research project?
How might your own personal values infl uence your choice of research topic?
To what extent is quantitative research solely concerned with testing theories and qualitative research with generating theories?Infl uences on the conduct of business research
Outline the main differences between quantitative and qualitative research in terms of: the relationship between theory and data; epistemological considerations; and ontological considerations.
What are the four main paradigms in business research and how do they infl uence the insights that are gained?
What are the main arguments for and against paradigm commensurability within management and business research?Relationship of epistemology and ontology to business research
Which theoretical ideas have been particularly instrumental in the growth of interest in qualitative research?
What is meant by objectivism and constructionism?
What are the main differences between epistemological and ontological considerations?
What are the implications of epistemological considerations for research practice?Ontological considerations
What is meant by each of the following terms: positivism; realism; and interpretivism? Why is it important to understand each of them?
What are the differences between inductive and deductive theory and why is the distinction important?Epistemological considerations
Outline, using examples of your own, the difference between grand and middle-range theory.
If you had to conduct some business research now, what would the topic be and what factors would infl uence your choice? How important was theory in your consideration?
What are the differences between mode 1 and mode 2 forms of knowledge production and why is this distinction important?Theory and research
What do you think is the purpose of business and management research?
Presenting your research. If you are not already required to do so, find an opportunity to present your research to interested parties, for example, at a research colloquium or seminar. Use the opportunity to get feedback on your research to date.
Developing a timetable for writing. Set out a time schedule for your writing and aim to generate some form of written output on a regular schedule(daily, every two days or weekly).
Get writing. Choose one of the sections of your report and try free writing on the topic for 10–15 minutes. After your session, reflect on the process and recognize the degree to which your ‘internal editor’ is influencing your flow of writing.
Planning your report. Use one or more of the planning techniques discussed in this chapter to develop the overall structure for your report. Make notes of the content that will occupy each section.
Understanding what is required. Locate any guidance document that you have been given by your institution for your qualification or other requirements for your research report. Read it thoroughly and find out the following points.
Answering your research questions. Develop visual displays for your data, depending on whether you are pursuing a what, why, or how type of project.a. Experiment with alternative matrices and networks.b. Develop displays for various level of analysis.c. Revisit previous displays as the analysis
Reviewing your analysis plan. Review your analysis plan to ensure that it is still appropriate in the light of your data exploration. Decide what changes, if any, need to be made (for example, collect more data). If appropriate, you should discuss these with your supervisor.
Staying organized. Ensure that you save all relevant output. Make a note of preliminary findings in your memos and their implications for your research questions. As you work, keep a detailed log of what you do, to help you write up the final report.
Coding your data. Ensure that you keep an index of your codes and their definitions, including any hierarchical relationships between them. If you rename or change your codes, remember to revisit the coded material to assess whether the chosen label is still relevant.
Familiarizing yourself with your data. Read and reread your data carefully. Use memos to capture your ideas and emerging themes. Ensure that your memos are cross-referenced with your data so that you can easily locate and retrieve that piece of data later, if needed.
Getting ready. Organize your data into files and give them descriptive names. Transcribe your audio and video recordings, if relevant. Type and save your field notes, using the same filing and naming system used for your data files. Decide whether you are going to use software to analyze your data
Presenting your findings. Review your analysis, your notes, and your saved output. Decide which tables, charts, etc. should be incorporated in your final report and/or presentation. Ensure that they are securely stored, ready for preparing your report.
Answering your research questions. Now apply your proposed analysis techniques.a. If you are carrying out hypothesis testing, are the results statistically significant?b. Are your findings of practical significance?c. What conclusions do you draw in relation to your research questions?
Exploring and describing your data. Follow the guidance on data exploration in Section 13.4. The following sequence is suggested.a. Calculate final sample size after all data preparation.b. Describe your sample demographics.c. Explore and describe other variables in your data set.d. Test any
to prepare your data for analysis. Make notes of all your actions, ensuring that you create new master and backup copy of your data if you make any changes.
Preparing your data. Follow the guidance in Section
to enter your data into your chosen software package. Make sure that you create a secure backup copy of your data.
Entering your data. Follow the guidance in Section

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Management Research: Applying The Principles Of Business Research Methods 2nd Edition Susan Rose, Nigel Spinks, Ana Isabel Canhoto - Solutions

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