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computer science
systems analysis and design 12th

Questions and Answers of Systems Analysis And Design 12th

Given the data for the three parallel pipes in Figure 4.20 , compute (1) the equivalent parallel pipe coefficient, (2) the head loss between nodes A and B, (3) the flow rates in each pipe, (4) the
Find the discharge in each pipe of the pipe network shown in Figure 4.21 . The head loss in each pipe is calculated by using hf = KQ1.852, where the values of K for each pipe are given in Figure 4.21
A sewer has to be laid in a place where the ground has a slope of 0. 002. If the present and ultimate peak sewage discharges are 40 and 165 L/s, design the sewer section.
The layout of a sanitary sewer system is as shown in Figure 5. 34. Data on area, length, and elevations are given in Table 5. 9. The current population density, 100 persons/ha, is expected to
Storm sewers need to be installed in a new development. Four inlets are proposed with pipes running from inlet A to B, then to C, and finally to D. Data associated with each pipe and inlet are listed
Does a storm sewer pass its greatest flow rate when it is just flowing full? Explain.
Determine the spacing to the first and second inlets that will drain a section of highway pavement if the runoff coefficient is 0. 9 and the design rainfall is 15 cm/h. The pavement width is 10 m (SX
Using the Muskingum method, route the inflow hydrograph given in Table 5. 10, assuming (a) K = 4 hours and X = 0. 12 and (b) K = 4 hours and X = 0. 0. Plot the inflow and outflow hydrographs for each
A storm event occurred in a watershed that produced a rainfall pattern of 5 cm/h for the first 10 minutes, 10 cm/h in the second 10 minutes, and 5 cm/h in the next 10 minutes.The watershed is divided
Consider an impervious area with a length of 40 m, the slope of 0. 03. The effective Manning coefficient is 0. 03. Determine the runoff hydrograph for a constant rainfall excess rate of 20 mm/h with
Determine the HR of a roadway culvert flooded with 50 years of expected service life designed to carry a 100-year storm.
Curb-opening inlets are placed along a 20 m wide street. The length of the inlets is 1 m that are placed on a continuous grade and the runoff coefficient is 0. 9. The inlets drain the stormwater into
Determine the depth and width of a straight trapezoidal channel (Cs = 1. 0) lined with weeping love grass which is expected to carry Q = 0. 75 m3/s. The channel bottom slope is S = 0. 02 and its side
Determine the headwater depth for a culvert that conveys a flow of 0. 5 m3/s under inlet control conditions. The culvert is circular and has a square edge inlet which is mitered with a headwall and a
Calculate the WQCV for a 1.0 -acre subwatershed in New York with a total area-weighted imperviousness of 50% that drains to a rain garden:
The water quality volume (WQV) is determined to be 1.44 acres‐feet for an area of 38 acres with 60% imperviousness.Size the sediment forebay and the permanent pool volume for a wet pond and an
Curb-opening inlets are placed along a 10-m-wide street. The length of the inlets is 0.8 m, and the inlets are placed on a continuous grade, and the runoff coefficient is 0.85 . The inlets drain
Determine the HR of a roadway culvert with 25 years’ expected service life designed to carry a 50-year storm.
Determine the design return period for the culvert of the previous example if the acceptable HR is 0.15 (or 15%).Data from previous example Determine the HR of a roadway culvert with 25 years’
Determine the 15-minute storm depths and the average intensities with return periods of 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years for a 25-year annual maximum series of 15-minute storm depths given in the first
A laboratory test for BOD5 is carried out by mixing a 10 mL sample with distilled water into a 300 mL bottle. Prior to the test, the DO concentration of the mixture was 7.45 mg/L, and after 5 days,
Calculate the water consumption (average daily rate, maximum daily rate, maximum hourly rate, and flow rate) for a town of 10,000 people in semiarid area with limited water supply resources. As it is
A small community with a population of 1,000 has a trucked water supply system that provides water from a lake (3 km from a village). There are 200 houses, one hotel, one hospital, one school, one
Why are distribution pipes not sized according to maximum hourly demand plus fire flow instead of maximum daily demand plus fire flow?
Chlorination is the usual method for disinfecting water.a. Name the two parameters that control the extent of disinfection.b. Why is it necessary to guard against an overdose of chlorine?c. Assume
Water having a temperature of 15°C is flowing through a 150 mm ductile iron main at a rate of 19 L/s. Is the flow laminar, turbulent, or transitional?
Assuming that there are no head losses through the Venturi meter demonstrated in Figure 6. 37, what is the pressure reading in the throat section of the Venturi? Assume that the discharge through the
Does conservation of energy apply to the system represented in Figure 6. 38? Based on the conservation of energy, the summation of head losses in a loop should be equal to zero.Data describing the
Find the pump head needed to deliver water from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir in Figure 6. 39 at a rate of 0. 3 m3/s. The suction pipe length, diameter, and roughness coefficient are 20
Manually find the discharge through each pipeline and the pressure at each junction node of the rural water system shown in Figure 6. 40. Physical data for this system are given in Table 6. 7. P-12
In the network depicted in Figure 6. 41, determine the discharge in each pipe. Assume that f = 0. 015. 3.5 m/s 200 mm 250 m 250 m 250 mm 200 mm 200 m 200 mm 150 m 1.5 m/s 1.0 m/s FIGURE 6.41 Layout
A fire hydrant is supplied through three welded steel pipelines (f = 0. 012) arranged in series(Table 6. 8). The total drop in pressure due to friction in the pipeline is limited to 35 m.What is the
The characteristics of the pipe system illustrated in Figure 6. 42 are presented in Table 6. 9. (a) Determine the diameter of the equivalent pipe of this system with 600 m length and the
A cast iron pipe is employed to deliver a flow rate of 0. 1 m3/s, between two points that are 800 m apart. Determine the pipe size if the allowable head loss is 10 m and the Hazen–Williams
Consider a small city with a river as a major alternate source of water supply. People on the edge of the city are not being served by a central water system. See the background data for the city in
Estimate the storage tank size of the city described in Problem 1, using the curve mass method.Data from problem 1Calculate the water consumption (average daily rate, maximum daily rate, maximum
Historical data for water use, population, price, and precipitation in a city for a 10-year time horizon are given in Table 6. 12. Formulate a multiple regression model for estimating the water use
The monthly data of water price and consumption of a city is given in Table 6. 13. Determine the price elasticity. Discuss the effectiveness of applying pricing strategies for decreasing water
Consider a city with about 1 million habitants. The daily water consumption per capital is about 180 L, the average temperature is 28°C, and the weather humidity is
The linear demand model derived by Hanke and de Marg (1982) for Malmo, Sweden, iswhere Q is the quantity of metered water used per house per semiannual period (m3).Inc is the real gross income per
Determine the elasticity of demand for the water demand model in Problem 19 using P = 1. 5 and Q = 75. 2; P = 3. 0 and Q = 75. 2; P = 2. 25 and Q = 45; and P = 2. 25 and Q = 100.
Consider a city with current population of 1 million (year 2009). We are planning to develop the water supply facilities of this city during the next 20 years. The water consumption per capita for
In order to fill the water supply and demand gap of the city of Problem 21 for the year 2029, the following demand management strategies are recommended:a. Water withdrawn from a groundwater source
Consider a small city with a population of 100,000. The water consumption per capita in this city is about 250 L/day. The available water supply system of this city includes a surface reservoir with
A survey on a water distribution network with 25% loss shows that 18% of the losses are due to physical losses of the network and the remaining is not a real loss. Fifty percent of physical losses
In Problem 23, the shortages should be met by supplying from groundwater resources. The cost of meeting the demand by supplying from groundwater is a function of the volume of water that should be
In Problem 23, the city discharges its wastewater to the river upstream of the agricultural lands. The monthly wastewater discharge rate is about 20% of the water use of the city in each month. In
Estimate the population of a town in the year 2010 based on the past population data given in Table 6.1 .
(a) What is the main constituent of concern in WWT? (b) For each of the following unit operations in a WWT train, briefly describe how it removes some of the constituents you identified in part a:–
Briefly describe how primary WWT differs from secondary WWT.
A rectangular primary clarifier for a domestic wastewater plant is to be designed to settle 2,000 m3/day with an overflow rate of 32 m3/m2 day. The tank is to be 2. 4 m deep and 4. 0 m wide. How long
4. A final settling tank for a 2-million-gallon-per-day (2 MGD) activated sludge treatment plant has an average overflow rate of 800 g/day ft2. The tank needs to have a minimum detention time of 2. 0
5. A perfectly mixed aeration pond with no recycling (return line) serves as the small community’s biological reactor. The pond receives 30 m3/day of influent with a BOD5 of 350 mg/L that must be
Determine the theoretical hydraulic detention time and volume of a completely mixed reactor with recycle to be used in an activated sludge treatment plant operating at steady state if the following
Calculate the required aeration tank volume for an activated sludge treatment plant on the bases of the empirical design factors. The anticipated waste volumetric flow rate is 0. 068 m3/sec and the
In case study 1a. What is the proposed methodology for quantitative and qualitative assessment of reliability for a typical WWTP under coastal flooding?b. What is the main issue and how can it be
What is the volume in cubic feet of a rectangular tank that is 10 ft by 30 ft by 16 ft, and how many gallons can fit in it?
What is the volume of a tank in gallons if it is 12 ft deep and has a diameter of 30 ft?
How many hours will it take to fill each tank above if the flow entering them is 1. 3 MGD?
Your superintendent wants to know how efficient your primary clarifier was at removing solids during a major rainstorm a few days earlier. The lab tech tells you that the average 24-hour composite
What is the mixed SSs concentration given the following? Initial weight of filter disk = 0.45 gms Volume of filtered sample = 60 mLs Weight of filter disk and filtered residue = 0.775gms
A WWT facility has three primary clarifiers available for use. They are all circular clarifiers with a radius of 40 ft and a depth of 8 ft. The design engineer wants you to maintain a primary
What is the daily food to microorganism ratio given the following? Aeration tank 28'x120'x15' Raw sewage flow=7,500,000 Primary influent BOD = 115 mg/L MLVSS 4,700 mg/L
Laboratory tests indicate that the volatile content of a raw sludge was 77%, and after digestion, the content is 41%. Calculate the percent reduction of volatile matter.
A facility feeds chlorine to the contact tank at a rate of about 280 gallons every day—the plant flow averages about 2. 9 MGD. However, due to filamentous bacteria, you must also chlorinate RAS,
How many pounds of solids are under aeration in an aeration tank that is 30ʹ by 70ʹ by 15ʹ and if the MLSS is 3,200 mg/L?
If an activated sludge aeration basin receives a flow of 0. 69 MGD at a BOD concentration of 175 mg/L, how many pounds of BOD enter the aeration basin each day?
If the aeration basin from question 11 is 130 ft long, 35 ft wide, and 15 ft deep, what is its organic loading in pounds of BOD/day/1,000 ft3?
An activated sludge aeration basin is 90 ft long, 25 ft wide, and 15 ft deep. The flow rate to it is 0. 75 MGD at a CBOD concentration of 210 mg/L. If the MLVSS concentration is 2,500 mg/L, what is
An activated sludge aeration basin is 75 ft long, 25 ft wide, and 13 ft deep. The flow rate to it is 0. 68 MGD at a CBOD concentration of 194 mg/L. If the MLVSS concentration is 2,114 mg/L, what is
Given the following data about an activated sludge plant, calculate the SRT at which it is operating:Influent flow = 9,020,000 GPD Aeration basin dimensions: 160 × 50 × 18 ft Final clarifier
Calculate the SRT for the following activated sludge plant. Influent flow rate: 1097 GPM Aeration basin dimensions: 120x35x14ft Final clarifier dimensions: 55 ft in diameter and 12 ft deep MLVSS
A town of 30,000 send 0.5 m3 of wastewater per person per day to the WWTP. A conventional circular primary clarifier would be designed to have an average detention time of 2.0 hours and an average
An aeration basin is 90 ft long, 25 ft wide, and 13 ft deep. If it receives a flow of 0.24 MGD (million gallons per day) at a BOD concentration of 225 mg/L, what is the basin’s loading in pounds of
An aeration basin is 80 ft long, 20 ft wide, and 12 ft deep. If the flow rate to it is 0.43 MGD at a CBOD concentration of 150 mg/L and the mixed liquor volatile suspended solid (MLVSS) concentration
Given the following data about an activated sludge plant, calculate solids retention time (SRT) at which it is operating: Aeration basin dimensions: 110x40x 13ft Influent flow rate: 1.47 MGD Final
Determine the theoretical hydraulic detention time and volume of a completely mixed reactor with recycle to be used in an activated sludge treatment plant operating at steady state if the following
Calculate the required aeration tank volume for an activated sludge treatment plant on the bases of the empirical design factors. The anticipated waste volumetric flow rate is 0.044 m3/s and the BOD
The shallow pond depicted in Figure 7.9 stays well mixed due to the wind and the steady flow-through of a small creek.If the microbes in the pond consume the inflowing biodegradable organic matter
Consider the two mutually exclusive alternatives A and B for a water diversion project as described in Table 8. 20. Assume that the study period is 15 years and repeatability is applicable. Using the
A river supplies water to an industrial complex and agricultural lands located downstream of the complex. The average monthly industrial and irrigation demands and the monthly river flows in a dry
The variation of annual water demand of a city over a 30-year planning time horizon is exhibited in Table 8. 22. The current demand of this city is about 90 million cubic meters.Three projects are
Assume that you want to model the water demand of a city in order to forecast the municipal demands in the coming years. The historical data of water use, population, price, and precipitation in a
Derive cash flow statement from the given balance sheet (Table 8. 25) and income statement of a firm (Table 8. 26). Then, complete the balance sheet and check it. Analyze the financial position of
A water pump currently has a resale value of $25,000 and is estimated to have a resale value of $18,000 in 1 year’s time. The operating and maintenance cost of the pump for the coming year is
A company maintains a large network of water and wastewater equipment throughout a city. You are creating a maintenance budget for the coming year. Table 8. 27 shows the data available for the
There are two choices, A and B, for the trenchless replacement of mains in an urban water distribution system (WDS). A $20,000 per week should be paid to the traffic control authorities for traffic
A wastewater collection network project in a city produces benefits, as expressed in Figure 8.1 :the $100,000 profit in year 1 is increased in 10 years on a uniform gradient to $1,000,000. Then it
Two different types of pumps (A and B) can be used in a pumping station of an urban WDS. The costs and benefits of each of the pumps are displayed in Table 8.4 . Compare the two pumps economically
Assume that the annual costs of operation and maintenance of pumps A and B are equal to $4,000 and $6,000, respectively. Compare the two pumps from an economic aspect, using the benefit–cost ratio
Three water supply projects are implemented in a region. Water demand of a big city, a small city, and a village will be supplied through these projects. Level of income and distribution of the costs
Consider two mutually exclusive alternatives for a water main distribution project, given in Table 8.13 . Assume that a study period of 15 years is applicable. Using the annual worth and PW methods,
The three alternatives described in Table 8.14 are available for wastewater treatment of an urban area for the next 25 years of their life span. Using 5% discount rate, compare the three projects
The variation of annual wastewater generation of a city over a 30-year planning time horizon is tabulated in Table 8.17 . Assume that the wastewater generation of this city in the year 2003 was about
In an unconfined aquifer system, the following agencies are affected by the decisions made to discharge water from the aquifer to fulfill water demands:Department of Water Supply has a twofold role,
Determine the monthly water allocation to domestic, industrial, agricultural, and recreation demands in a river system shown in Figure 9. 39 The average monthly river discharges upstream of the
In Figure 9. 41, a typical dynamic model of urban water management has been shown.Using your own city data, create this model with system dynamic simulation software.Explain the relations you have
Considering the urban water dynamic model in Figure 9. 41, what are the main parts of urban water system? How are different parts of the urban water supply affected by each other? Metropolitan area
Formulate a population growth model in an urban area using an objective-oriented model/software based on the following data:• The initial value of “Population” is 50,000 people.
Develop an urban growth model by considering the dynamics of population and business growth within a fixed area of a city based on the following assumptions. The model should contain two sectors: the

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