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college physics reasoning

Questions and Answers of College Physics Reasoning

A puck, seen from above, was moving with an initial momentum when it received an impulse J from a hockey stick, giving it the final momentum shown. Using the ideas of Figure 9.7, which arrow best
The cart's change of momentum is A. -30 kg m/s B. -20 kg. m/s C. -10 kg. m/s D. 10 kg. m/s E. 20 kg. m/s F. 30 kg m/s
A 10 g rubber ball and a 10 g clay ball are each thrown at a wall with equal speeds. The rubber ball bounces; the clay ball sticks. Which ball receives the greater impulse from the wall?A. The clay
An explosion in a rigid pipe shoots three balls out of its ends. A 6 g ball comes out the right end. A 4 g ball comes out the left end with twice the speed of the 6 g ball. From which end, left or
The two particles shown collide and stick together. After the collision, the combined particles A. Move to the right as shown.B. Move to the left.C. Are at rest. 2.5 m/s 1.5 m/s, ??? 0.40 kg 0.80 kg
The left figure shows two boys of equa l mass standing ha lfway to the edge on a turntable that is freely rotating at angular speed w;. They then walk to the positions shown in the right figure. The
A \(2 \mathrm{~kg}\) cart rolling to the right at \(3 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) runs into a \(3 \mathrm{~kg}\) cart rolling to the left. After the collision, both carts are stationary. What was the
Monica stands at the edge of a circular platform that is slowly rotating on a frictionless axle. She then walks toward the opposite edge, passing through the platform's center. Describe the motion of
A small puck is sliding to the right with momentum \(\vec{p}_{\mathrm{i}}\) on a horizontal, frictionless surface, as shown in Figure Q9.24. A force is applied to the puck for a short time and its
A 4.0-m-diameter playground merry-go-round, with a moment of inertia of \(400 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2}\), is freely rotating with an angular velocity of \(2.0 \mathrm{rad} / \mathrm{s}\).
A disk rotates freely on a vertical axis with an angular velocity of \(30 \mathrm{rpm}\). An identical disk rotates above it in the same direction about the same axis, but without touching the lower
At what speed do a bicycle and its rider, with a combined mass of \(100 \mathrm{~kg}\), have the same momentum as a \(1500 \mathrm{~kg}\) car traveling at \(1.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) ?
Use the impulse-momentum theorem to find how long a stone falling straight down takes to increase its speed from \(5.5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) to \(10.4 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\).
a. A \(2.0 \mathrm{~kg}\) object is moving to the right with a speed of \(1.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) when it experiences the force shown in Figure P9.7a. What are the object's speed and direction
A \(55 \mathrm{~kg}\) hunter, standing on frictionless ice, shoots a \(42 \mathrm{~g}\) bullet at a speed of \(620 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\). What is the recoil speed of the hunter?
Erica ( \(36 \mathrm{~kg}\) ) and Danny ( \(47 \mathrm{~kg})\) are bouncing on a trampoline. Just as Erica reaches the high point of her bounce, Danny is moving upward past her at \(4.1 \mathrm{~m} /
At a wild-west show, a marksman fires a bullet at a \(12 \mathrm{~g}\) coin that's thrown straight up into the air. The marksman points his rifle at a \(45^{\circ}\) angle above the ground, then
A \(20 \mathrm{~g}\) ball of clay traveling east at \(3.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) collides with a \(30 \mathrm{~g}\) ball of clay traveling north at \(2.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\). What are the
A firecracker in a coconut blows the coconut into three pieces. Two pieces of equal mass fly off south and west, perpendicular to each other, at \(20 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\). The third piece has
A little girl is going on the merry-go-round for the first time, and wants her \(47 \mathrm{~kg}\) mother to stand next to her on the ride, \(2.6 \mathrm{~m}\) from the merry-go-round's center. If
Ice skaters often end their performances with spin turns, where they spin very fast about their center of mass with their arms folded in and legs together. Upon ending, their arms extend outward,
What is the impulse on a \(3.0 \mathrm{~kg}\) particle that experiences the force described by the graph in Figure P9.38? F, (N) 1500 1000 500 0 (ms) 24 8 10 -500 -1000 FIGURE P9.38
A sled slides along a horizontal surface for which the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.25 . Its velocity at point \(A\) is \(8.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) and at point \(B\) is \(5.0
a. With what speed are pollen grains ejected from a bunch berry flower? See Problem 47 for information.b. Suppose that 1000 ejected pollen grains slam into the abdomen of a 5.0 g5.0 g bee
A \(20 \mathrm{~g}\) ball of clay is thrown horizontally at \(30 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) toward a \(1.0 \mathrm{~kg}\) block sitting at rest on a frictionless surface. The clay hits and sticks to
A small cart rolls freely along the floor. As it rolls, balls of clay, each having one-fourth the mass of the cart, are dropped straight down onto the cart and stick to it. How many balls must be
Three identical train cars, coupled together, are rolling east at \(2.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\). A fourth car traveling east at \(4.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) catches up with the three and
A \(110 \mathrm{~kg}\) linebacker running at \(2.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) and an \(82 \mathrm{~kg}\) quarterback running at \(3.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) have a head-on collision in midair.
Most geologists believe that the dinosaurs became extinct 65 million years ago when a large comet or asteroid struck the earth, throwing up so much dust that the sun was blocked out for a period of
Two ice skaters, with masses of \(75 \mathrm{~kg}\) and \(55 \mathrm{~kg}\), stand facing\(\mathbb{N T}\) each other on a \(15-\mathrm{m}\)-wide frozen river. The skaters push off against each other,
A \(10 \mathrm{~g}\) bullet is fired into a \(10 \mathrm{~kg}\) wood block that is at rest\(\mathbb{N T}\) on a wood table. The block, with the bullet embedded, slides \(5.0 \mathrm{~cm}\) across the
A typical raindrop is much more massive than a mosquito and\(\mathrm{BO}\) falling much faster than a mosquito flies. How does a mosquito survive the impact? Recent research has found that the
A \(15 \mathrm{~g}\) bullet is fired at \(610 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) into a \(4.0 \mathrm{~kg}\) block that sits at the edge of a \(75-\mathrm{cm}\)-high table. The bullet embeds itself in the
A \(495 \mathrm{~kg}\) cannon fires a \(10.0 \mathrm{~kg}\) cannonball with a speed of \(211 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) relative to the muzzle. The cannon is on wheels that roll without friction.
At the county fair, Chris throws a \(0.15 \mathrm{~kg}\) baseball at a \(2.0 \mathrm{~kg}\) wooden milk bottle, hoping to knock it off its stand and win a prize. The ball bounces straight back at
A \(1.0-\mathrm{m}\)-long massless rod is pivoted at one end and swings around in a circle on a frictionless table. A block with a hole through the center can slide in and out along the rod.
Figure P9.74 shows a \(100 \mathrm{~g}\) puck revolving at \(100 \mathrm{rpm}\) on a 20-cm-radius circle on a frictionless table. A string attached to the puck passes through a hole in the middle of
A 3.0-m-diameter merry-go-round with a mass of \(250 \mathrm{~kg}\) is spinning at \(20 \mathrm{rpm}\). John runs around the merry-go-round at \(5.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\), in the same direction
I What is the momentum of the club + ball system right before the collision?A. \(1.8 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}\)B. \(8.0 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}\)C. \(3220
Immediately after the collision, the momentum of the club + ball system will be A. Less than before the collision.B. The same as before the collision.C. Greater than before the collision.
A manufacturer makes a golf ball that compresses more than a traditional golf ball when struck by a club. How will this affect the average force during the collision?A. The force will decrease.B. The
By approximately how much does the club head slow down as a result of hitting the ball?A. \(4 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\)B. \(6 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\)C. \(14 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\)D. \(26
A car pulls away from a stop sign with a constant acceleration. After traveling 10 m, its speed is 5 m/s. What will its speed be after traveling 40 m?A. 10 m/s B. 20 m/s C. 30 m/s D. 40 m/s
A child slides down a playground slide at constant speed.The energy transformation is A. U K B. K Ug C. W K D. Ug Eth - E. K Eth
Which force does the most work?A. The 10 N force B. The 8 N force C. The 6 N force D. They all do the same amount of work. 10 N d 8 N 60 6 N P P
Rank in order, from greatest to least, the kinetic energies of the sliding pucks. 1 kg 2 m/s 1 kg 3 m/s A. B. -2 m/s 1 kg 2 kg 2 m/s C. D.
Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the gravitational potential energies of ide ntical balls 1 through 4. 3v=0 12
When a spring is stretched by 5 cm, its elastic potential energy is 1 J. What will its elastic potential energy be if it is compressed by 10 cm?A. - 4 J B. - 2 J C. 2 J D. 4J
A block with an initial kinetic energy of 4.0 J comes to rest after sliding 1.0 m. How far would the block slide if it had 8.0 J of initial kinetic energy?A. 1.4 m B. 2.0m C. 3.0m D. 4.0m.
At the water park, Katie slides down each of the frictionless slides shown. At the top, she is given a push so that she has the same initial speed each time. At the bottom of which slide is she
A small ball with mass M is at rest. It is then struck by a ball with twice the mass, moving at speed v0. The situation after the collision is shown in the figure. Is this possible?A. Yes B. No,
Four students run up the stairs in the times shown. Rank in order, from largest to smallest, their power outputs PA through PD• 80 kg A. B. C. D. 80 kg 64 kg 10 m Ar = 10 s At = 8 s At = 8 s 80 kg
Give a specific example of a system with the energy transformation shown. In these questions, \(W\) is the work done on the system, and \(K, U\), and \(E_{\mathrm{th}}\) are the kinetic, potential,
\(K \rightarrow U\)Give a specific example of a system with the energy transformation shown. In these questions, \(W\) is the work done on the system, and \(K, U\), and \(E_{\mathrm{th}}\) are the
Puck B has twice the mass of puck A. Starting from rest, both pucks are pulled the same distance across frictionless ice by strings with the same tension.a. Compare the final kinetic energies of
Jason slides a large crate down a ramp from a truck to the ground. To control the crate and keep it sliding at constant speed, Jason backs down the ramp in front of the crate while pushing upward on
A roller coaster starts from rest at its highest point and then descends on its (frictionless) track. Its speed is \(30 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) when it reaches ground level. What was its speed
You and a friend each carry a \(15 \mathrm{~kg}\) suitcase up two flights of stairs, walking at a constant speed. Take each suitcase to be the system. Suppose you carry your suitcase up the stairs in
A \(2.0 \mathrm{~kg}\) book is lying on a \(0.75-\mathrm{m}\)-high table. You pick it up and place it on a bookshelf \(2.3 \mathrm{~m}\) above the floor. During this process,a. How much work does
a. An escalator carries you from one level to the next in an airport terminal. The upper level is \(4.5 \mathrm{~m}\) above the lower level, and the length of the escalator is \(7.0 \mathrm{~m}\).
A crate slides down a ramp that makes a \(20^{\circ}\) angle with the ground. To keep the crate from sliding too fast, Paige pushes back on it with a \(68 \mathrm{~N}\) horizontal force. How much
Which has the larger kinetic energy, a \(10 \mathrm{~g}\) bullet fired at \(500 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) or a \(10 \mathrm{~kg}\) bowling ball sliding at \(10 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) ?
The cheetah is the fastest land animal, reaching speeds as high as \(33 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\), or roughly \(75 \mathrm{mph}\). What is the kinetic energy of a \(60 \mathrm{~kg}\) cheetah running
How fast would an \(80 \mathrm{~kg}\) man need to run in order to have the same kinetic energy as an \(8.0 \mathrm{~g}\) bullet fired at \(400 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) ?
A \(20 \mathrm{~g}\) plastic ball is moving to the left at \(30 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\). How much work must be done on the ball to cause it to move to the right at \(30 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) ?
The turntable in a microwave oven has a moment of inertia of \(0.040 \mathrm{~kg} \cdot \mathrm{m}^{2}\) and rotates continuously, making a complete revolution every \(4.0 \mathrm{~s}\). What is its
a. What is the kinetic energy of a \(1500 \mathrm{~kg}\) car traveling at a speed of \(30 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}(\approx 65 \mathrm{mph})\) ?b. From what height should the car be dropped to have
Marissa drags a \(23 \mathrm{~kg}\) duffel bag \(14 \mathrm{~m}\) across the gym floor. If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the floor and bag is 0.15 , how much thermal energy does Marissa
Mark pushes his broken car \(150 \mathrm{~m}\) down the block to his friend's house. He has to exert a \(110 \mathrm{~N}\) horizontal force to push the car at a constant speed. How much thermal
A \(900 \mathrm{~N}\) crate slides \(12 \mathrm{~m}\) down a ramp that makes an angle of \(35^{\circ}\) with the horizontal. If the crate slides at a constant speed, how much thermal energy is
A \(25 \mathrm{~kg}\) child slides down a playground slide at a constant speed. The slide has a height of \(3.0 \mathrm{~m}\) and is \(7.0 \mathrm{~m}\) long. Using the law of conservation of energy,
a. With what minimum speed must you toss a \(100 \mathrm{~g}\) ball straight up to just barely hit the \(10-\mathrm{m}\)-high ceiling of the gymnasium if you release the ball \(1.5 \mathrm{~m}\)
What minimum speed does a \(100 \mathrm{~g}\) puck need to make it to the top of a frictionless ramp that is \(3.0 \mathrm{~m}\) long and inclined at \(20^{\circ}\) ?
A car is parked at the top of a \(50-\mathrm{m}\)-high hill. Its brakes fail and it rolls down the hill. How fast will it be going at the bottom? (Ignore friction.)
A \(1500 \mathrm{~kg}\) car is approaching the hill shown in Figure P10.32 at \(10 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) when it suddenly runs out of gas.a. Can the car make it to the top of the hill by
A \(20 \mathrm{~kg}\) child slides down a 3.0 -m-high playground slide. She starts from rest, and her speed at the bottom is \(2.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\).a. What energy transfers and
In the winter activity of tubing, riders slide down snowcovered slopes while sitting on large inflated rubber tubes. To get to the top of the slope, a rider and his tube, with a total mass of \(80
A cyclist is coasting at \(12 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) when she starts down a \(450-\mathrm{m}\)-long slope that is \(30 \mathrm{~m}\) high. The cyclist and her bicycle have a combined mass of \(70
If A \(50 \mathrm{~g}\) marble moving at \(2.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) strikes a \(20 \mathrm{~g}\) marble at rest. What is the speed of each marble immediately after the collision? Assume the
An air-track glider undergoes a perfectly inelastic collision with an identical glider that is initially at rest. What fraction of the first glider's initial kinetic energy is transformed into
Two balls undergo a perfectly elastic head-on collision, with one ball initially at rest. If the incoming ball has a speed of \(200 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\), what are the final speed and direction
a. How much work must you do to push a \(10 \mathrm{~kg}\) block of steel across a steel table at a steady speed of \(1.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) for \(3.0 \mathrm{~s}\) ? The coefficient of
A \(1000 \mathrm{~kg}\) sports car accelerates from 0 to \(30 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) in \(10 \mathrm{~s}\). What is the average power of the engine?
An elite Tour de France cyclist can maintain an output power of \(450 \mathrm{~W}\) during a sustained climb. At this output power, how long would it take an \(85 \mathrm{~kg}\) cyclist (including
How much work does Scott do to push a \(80 \mathrm{~kg}\) sofa \(2.0 \mathrm{~m}\) INT across the floor at a constant speed? The coefficient of kinetic friction between the sofa and the floor is 0.23
A \(550 \mathrm{~kg}\) elevator accelerates upward at \(1.2 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}\) for the first \(15 \mathrm{~m}\) of its motion. How much work is done during this part of its motion by the
A \(2.3 \mathrm{~kg}\) box, starting from rest, is pushed up a ramp by a \(10 \mathrm{~N}\) force parallel to the ramp. The ramp is \(2.0 \mathrm{~m}\) long and tilted at \(17^{\circ}\). The speed of
A \(55 \mathrm{~kg}\) skateboarder wants to just make it to the upper edge of a "half-pipe" with a radius of \(3.0 \mathrm{~m}\), as shown in Figure P10.55. What speed \(v_{\mathrm{i}}\) does he need
Fleas have remarkable jumping ability. A \(0.50 \mathrm{mg}\) flea, jump-\(\mathrm{BlO}\) ing straight up, would reach a height of \(40 \mathrm{~cm}\) if there were no air resistance. In reality, air
You are driving your \(1500 \mathrm{~kg}\) car at \(20 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) down a hill with a \(5.0^{\circ}\) slope when a deer suddenly jumps out onto the roadway. You slam on your brakes,
A cannon tilted up at a \(30^{\circ}\) angle fires a cannon ball at \(80 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) from atop a 10-m-high fortress wall. What is the ball's impact speed on the ground below? Ignore
A \(50 \mathrm{~g}\) ice cube can slide without friction up and down a \(30^{\circ}\) slope. The ice cube is pressed against a spring at the bottom of the slope, compressing the spring \(10
The maximum energy a bone can absorb without breaking is surprisingly small. For a healthy human of mass \(60 \mathrm{~kg}\), experimental data show that the leg bones of both legs can absorb about
The 5.0-m-long rope in Figure P10.66 hangs vertically from a tree right at the edge of a ravine. A woman wants to use the rope to swing to the other side of the ravine. She runs as fast as she can,
You have been asked to design a "ballistic spring system" to INT measure the speed of bullets. A bullet of mass \(m\) is fired into a block of mass \(M\). The block, with the embedded bullet, then
Boxes A and B in Figure P10.69 have masses of \(12.0 \mathrm{~kg}\) and \(4.0 \mathrm{~kg}\), respectively. The two boxes are released from rest. Use conservation of energy to find the boxes' speed
What would be the speed of the boxes in Problem 69 if the coefficient of kinetic friction between box AA and the surface it slides on were 0.20 ? Use conservation of energy.Problem 69Boxes A and Bin
A \(20 \mathrm{~g}\) ball is fired horizontally with initial speed \(v_{\mathrm{i}}\) toward a \(100 \mathrm{~g}\) ball that is hanging motionless from a \(1.0-\mathrm{m}\)-long string. The balls
A fish scale, consisting of a spring with spring constant \(k=200 \mathrm{~N} / \mathrm{m}\), is hung vertically from the ceiling. A \(5.0 \mathrm{~kg}\) fish is attached to the end of the
A \(70 \mathrm{~kg}\) human sprinter can accelerate from rest to \(10 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) in \(3.0 \mathrm{~s}\). During the same time interval, a \(30 \mathrm{~kg}\) greyhound can accelerate

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