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college physics reasoning

Questions and Answers of College Physics Reasoning

Suppose \(\vec{C}=\vec{A}+\vec{B}\).a. Under what circumstances does \(C=A+B\) ?b. Could \(C=A-B\) ? If so, how? If not, why not?
A baseball player throws a ball at a \(40^{\circ}\) angle to the ground. The ball lands on the ground some distance away.a. Is there any point on the trajectory where \(\vec{v}\) and \(\vec{a}\) are
If you kick a football, at what angle to the ground should you kick the ball for the maximum range-that is, the greatest distance down the field? At what angle to the ground should you kick the ball
You are cycling around a circular track at a constant speed. Does the magnitude of your acceleration change? The direction?
A car travels at constant speed along the curved path shown from above in Figure Q3.21. Five possible vectors are also shown in the figure; the letter \(\mathrm{E}\) represents the zero vector. Which
I A football is kicked at an angle of \(30^{\circ}\) with a speed of \(20 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\). To the nearest \(5 \mathrm{~m}\), how far will the ball travel?A. \(15 \mathrm{~m}\)B. \(25
I Formula One race cars are capable of remarkable accelerations when speeding up, slowing down, and turning corners. At one track, cars round a corner that is a segment of a circle of radius \(95
Show a motion diagram. For each of these problems, write a one or two sentence "story" about a real objec1 that has this motion diagram. Your stories should talk about people or objects by name and
Show a motion diagram. For each of these problems, write a one or two sentence "story" about a real objec1 that has this motion diagram. Your stories should talk about people or objects by name and
Show a motion diagram. For each of these problems, write a one or two sentence "story" about a real objec1 that has this motion diagram. Your stories should talk about people or objects by name and
Show a motion diagram. For each of these problems, write a one or two sentence "story" about a real objec1 that has this motion diagram. Your stories should talk about people or objects by name and
Show a motion diagram. For each of these problems, write a one or two sentence "story" about a real objec1 that has this motion diagram. Your stories should talk about people or objects by name and
How many inches does light travel in one nanosecond? The speed of light is 3.0 x 108 m/s.
The Nardo ring is a circular test track for cars. It has a circumference of 12.5 km. Cars travel around the track at a constant speed of I 00 km/h. A car starts at the easternmost point of the ring
The bacterium Escherichia coli (or E. coli) is a single celled organism that lives in the gut of healthy humans and animals. Its body shape can be modeled as a 2-μm-long cylinder with a 1 μm
The bacterium Escherichia coli (or E. coli) is a single celled organism that lives in the gut of healthy humans and animals. When grown in a uniform medium rich in salts and amino acids, it swims
Weddell seals foraging in open water dive toward the ocean BIO bottom by swimming forward in a straight-line path tipped below the horizontal. The tracking data for one seal showed it taking 4.0 min
Whale sharks swim forward while ascending or descending. They swim a long a straight-line path at a shallow angle as they move from the surface to deep water or from the depths to the surface. In one
What is the tree's speed of growth, in feet per year, from t = 1 yr to t = 3 yr?A. 12 ft/yr B. 9 ft/yr The images of trees in Figure Pl.68 come from a catalog advertising fast-growing trees. If we
What is this speed in m/s?The images of trees in Figure Pl.68 come from a catalog advertising fast-growing trees. If we mark the position of the top of the tree in the successive years, as shown in
At the end of year 3, a rope is tied to the very top of the tree to steady it. This rope is staked into the ground 15 feet away from the tree. What angle does the rope make with the ground?A. 63° B.
A bicycle is moving to the left with increasing speed. Which of the following motion diagrams illustrates this motion? A. B. C. D.
Which position versus time graph best describes the motion diagram at left? A. B. C. D.
Four objects move with the velocity-versus time graphs shown.Which object has the largest displacement between t = 0 s and t = 2 s? V (m/s) 2 V (m/s) 2 v, (m/s) v (m/s) 2 2 1 1 1 0 +1(s) 0 +t(s) 0
Which velocity-versus-time graph goes with the position versus time graph on the left? x V A. B. C. D.
An elevator is moving downward. It is slowing down as it approaches the ground floor. Adapt the information in Figure 2.25 to determine which of the following velocity graphs best represents the
A particle moves with the velocity-versus-time graph shown here.At which labeled point is the magnitude of the acceleration the greatest? A Vx B C D
A cyclist is atJeSt ata traffic light. When the light turns green, he begins accelerating at 1.2 m/s2. How many seconds after the light turns green does he reach his cruising speed of 6.0 m/s?A. LO s
A volcano ejects a chunk of rock straight up at a velocity of Vy = 30 m is. Ignoring air resistance, what will be the velocity Vy of the rock when it falls back into the volcano's crater?A. > 30 m/s
Figure Q2.3 shows growth rings in the trunk of a pine tree.You can clearly see the wide and the narrow rings that correspond to years of fast and slow growth. You can think of these rings as a motion
Sketch a velocity-versus-time graph for a rock that is thrown straight upward, from the instant it leaves the hand until the instant it hits the ground.
A ball is thrown straight up into the air. At each of the following instants, is the ball's acceleration \(a_{y}\) equal to \(g,-g, 0,g\) ?a. Just after leaving your hand?b. At the very top (maximum
A rock is thrown (not dropped) straight down from a bridge into the river below.a. Immediately after being released, is the magnitude of the rock's acceleration greater than \(g\), less than \(g\),
Figure Q2.15 shows the position graph of a car traveling on a straight road. At which labeled instant is the speed of the car greatest? A B. C D FIGURE Q2.15
Figure Q2.16 shows the position graph of a car traveling on a straight road. The velocity at instant 1 is \(\overline{\text { at instant } 2}\) is and the velocity A. positive, negative B. positive,
Figure Q2.17 shows an object's position-versus-time graph. What is the velocity of the object at \(t=6 \mathrm{~s}\) ?A. \(0.67 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\)B. \(0.83 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\)C. \(3.3
The following options describe the motion of four cars A-D. Which car has the largest acceleration?A. Goes from \(0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) to \(10 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) in \(5.0
Which of the three drag racers in Question 20 had the greatest acceleration at \(t=0 \mathrm{~s}\) ?A. Andy B. Betty C. Carl D. All had the same acceleration
Chris is holding two softballs while standing on a balcony. She throws ball 1 straight up in the air and, at the same instant, releases her grip on ball 2, letting it drop over the side of the
Suppose a plane accelerates from rest for \(30 \mathrm{~s}\), achieving a takeoff speed of \(80 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) after traveling a distance of \(1200 \mathrm{~m}\) down the runway. A
Figure Q2.24 shows a motion diagram with the clock reading (in seconds) shown at each position. From \(t=9 \mathrm{~s}\) to \(t=15 \mathrm{~s}\) the object is at the same position. After that, it
A rural mail carrier is driving slowly, putting mail in mailboxes near the road. He overshoots one mailbox, stops, shifts into reverse, and then backs up until he is at the right spot. The velocity
For the velocity-versus-time graph of Figure P2.5:a. Draw the corresponding position-versus-time graph. Assume that \(x=0 \mathrm{~m}\) at \(t=0 \mathrm{~s}\).b. What is the object's position at
In major league baseball, the pitcher's mound is 60 feet from the batter. If a pitcher throws a \(95 \mathrm{mph}\) fastball, how much time elapses from when the ball leaves the pitcher's hand until
Richard is driving home to visit his parents. \(125 \mathrm{mi}\) of the trip are on the interstate highway where the speed limit is \(65 \mathrm{mph}\). Normally Richard drives at the speed limit;
In a \(5.00 \mathrm{~km}\) race, one runner runs at a steady \(12.0 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{h}\) and another runs at \(14.5 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{h}\). How long does the faster runner have to wait at
In an \(8.00 \mathrm{~km}\) race, one runner runs at a steady \(11.0 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{h}\) and another runs at \(14.0 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{h}\). How far from the finish line is the slower
A car moves with constant velocity along a straight road. Its position is \(x_{1}=0 \mathrm{~m}\) at \(t_{1}=0 \mathrm{~s}\) and is \(x_{2}=30 \mathrm{~m}\) at \(t_{2}=3.0 \mathrm{~s}\). Answer the
Figure P2.19 shows the velocity graph of a bicycle. Draw the bicycle's acceleration graph for the interval \(0 \mathrm{~s} \leq t \leq 4 \mathrm{~s}\). Give both axes an appropriate numerical scale.
We set the origin of a coordinate system so that the position of a train is \(x=0 \mathrm{~m}\) at \(t=0 \mathrm{~s}\). Figure P2.20 shows the train's velocity graph.a. Draw position and acceleration
Small frogs that are good jumpers are capable of remarkable\(\mathrm{BIO}\) accelerations. One species reaches a takeoff speed of \(3.7 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) in \(60 \mathrm{~ms}\). What is the
When jumping, a flea rapidly extends its legs, reaching a takeoff speed of \(1.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) over a distance of \(0.50 \mathrm{~mm}\).a. What is the flea's acceleration as it extends
A cross-country skier is skiing along at a zippy \(8.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\). She stops pushing and simply glides along, slowing to a reduced speed of \(6.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) after
Formula One racers speed up much more quickly than normal passenger vehicles, and they also can stop in a much shorter distance. A Formula One racer traveling at \(90 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) can
A car is traveling at a steady \(80 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{h}\) in a \(50 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{h}\) zone. A police motorcycle takes off at the instant the car passes it, accelerating at a steady
When a jet lands on an aircraft carrier, a hook on the tail of the plane grabs a wire that quickly brings the plane to a halt before it overshoots the deck. In a typical landing, a jet touching down
Here's an interesting chal-lenge you can give to a friend. Hold a \$1 (or larger!) bill by an upper corner. Have a friend prepare to pinch a lower corner, putting her fingers near but not touching
In the preceding problem we saw that a person's reactiontime is generally not quick enough to allow the person to catch a \(\$ 1\) bill dropped between the fingers. The \(16 \mathrm{~cm}\) length of
A gannet is a seabird that fishes by diving from a great height.If a gannet hits the water at \(32 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) (which they do), what height did it dive from? Assume that the gannet was
Spud Webb was, at \(5 \mathrm{ft} 8\) in, one of the shortest basketball players to play in the NBA. But he had an amazing vertical leap; he could jump to a height of \(1.1 \mathrm{~m}\) off the
III Actual velocity data for a lion pursuing prey are shown in Figure P2.52. Estimate:a. The initial acceleration of the lion.b. The acceleration of the lion at \(2 \mathrm{~s}\) and at \(4
Figure P2.55 shows the motion diagram, made at two frames of film per second, of a ball rolling along a track. The track has a \(3.0-\mathrm{m}\)-long sticky section.a. Use the scale to determine the
Julie drives \(100 \mathrm{mi}\) to Grandmother's house. On the way to Grandmother's, Julie drives half the distance at \(40 \mathrm{mph}\) and half the distance at \(60 \mathrm{mph}\). On her return
A bush baby, an African primate, is capable of a remarkable vertical leap. The bush baby goes into a crouch and extends its legs, pushing upward for a distance of \(0.16 \mathrm{~m}\). After this
A Thomson's gazelle can run at very high speeds, but its acceleration is relatively modest. A reasonable model for the sprint of a gazelle assumes an acceleration of \(4.2 \mathrm{~m} /
We've seen that a man's higher initial acceleration means that a man can outrun a horse over a very short race. A simple-but plausible - model for a sprint by a man and a horse uses the following
A pole-vaulter is nearly motionless as he clears the bar, set \(4.2 \mathrm{~m}\) above the ground. He then falls onto a thick pad. The top of the pad is \(80 \mathrm{~cm}\) above the ground, and it
A Porsche challenges a Honda to a \(400 \mathrm{~m}\) race. Because the Porsche's acceleration of \(3.5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}\) is larger than the Honda's \(3.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}\),
The minimum stopping distance for a car traveling at a speed of \(30 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}\) is \(60 \mathrm{~m}\), including the distance traveled during the driver's reaction time of \(0.50
I On the earth, an astronaut can safely jump to the ground from a height of \(1.0 \mathrm{~m}\); her velocity when reaching the ground is slow enough to not cause injury. From what height could the
On the earth, an astronaut throws a ball straight upward; it stays in the air for a total time of \(3.0 \mathrm{~s}\) before reaching the ground again. If a ball were to be thrown upward with the
A player kicks a football straight up into the air. The ball takes 2.0 s to reach its highest point. Approximately how fast was the ball moving when it left the player's foot?A. 5 m/s B. 10 m/s C. 15
Which figure shows 2P-Q?
The figure shows a car rounding a corner. Using what you've learned in Figure 3.10, what is the direction of the car's acceleration at the instant shown in the figure?A. Northeast B. Southeast C.
What are the x- and y-components ex and Cy of vector C?
AngleΦ that specifies the direction of is computed as C?
A block of ice slides down a ramp. For which height and base length is the acceleration the greatest?A. Height 4 m, base 12 m B. Height 3 m, base 6 m C. Height 2 m, base 5 m D. Height l m, base 3 m
The water in a river flows downstream at 3.0 m/s. A boat is motoring upstream against the flow at 5.0 m/s relative to the water. What is the boat's speed relative to the riverbank?A. 8.0 m/s B. 5.0
A 100 g ball rolls off a table and lands 2 m from the base of the table. A 200 g ball rolls off the same table with the same speed. How far does it land from the base of the table? A.
A baseball player is taking batting practice. He hi ts two successive pitches at differe nt angles but at exactly the same speed. Ball 1 and ball 2 fo llow the paths shown. Which ball is in the air
Which of the following particles has the greatest centripetal acceleration? 2v 2v 2r 2r A. B. C. D. E.
If you make multiple measurements of your height, you are likely to find that the results vary by nearly half an inch in either direction due to measurement error and actual variations in he ight.
Blades of grass grow from the bottom, so, as growth occurs, the top of the blade moves upward. During the summer, when your lawn is growing quickly, estimate this speed, in m/s. Make this estimate
Estimate the average speed, in m/s, with which the hair on your head grows. Make this estimate from your own experience noting, for instance, how often you cut your hair and how much you trim.
Loveland, Colorado, is 18 km due south of Fort Collins and 3 1 km due west of Greeley. What is the distance between Fort Collins and Greeley?
A circular test track for cars in England has a circumference of 3.2 km. A car travels around the track from the southernmost point to the northernmost point.a. What distance does the car travel?b.
Migrating geese tend to travel at approximately constant speed, flying in segments that are straight lines. A goose flies 32 km south, then turns to fly 20 km west. Afterward, how far is the goose
Black vultures excel at gliding flight; they can move long distances through the air without flapping their wings while undergoing only a modest drop in height. A vulture in a typical glide in still
A hiker walks 25° north of east for 200 m. How far north and how far east is he from his starting position?
A hiker is climbing a steep 10° slope. Her pedometer shows that she has walked 1500 m along the slope. How much elevation has she gained?
A squirrel completing a short glide travels in a straight line tipped 40° below the horizontal. The squirrel starts 9.0 m above the ground on one tree and glides to a second tree that is a
A squirrel in a typical long glide covers a horizontal distance of 16 m while losing 8.0 m of elevation. During this glide,a. What is the angle of the squirrel's path below the horizontal?b. What is
In a typical greyhound race, a dog accelerates to a speed of 20 m/s over a distance of 30 m. It then maintains this speed.What would be a greyhound's time in the 100 m dash?Problem are motion
The giant e land, an African antelope, is an exceptional jumper, able to leap 1.5 m off the ground. To jump this high, with what speed must the eland leave the ground?Problem are motion problems
What is the length of the hypotenuse of this triangle?A. 6cm B. 8 cm C. 1Ocm D. 12cm E. 14cm 8 cm 6 cm
Which car is going faster, A or B? Assume there are equal intervals of time between the frames of both videos. Car A Car B
Three motion diagrams A are shown. Which is a dust particle settling to the floor at constant speed, which is a ball dropped from the roof of a building, and which is a descending rocket slowing to
Sarah starts at a positive position along the x-axis. She then undergoes a negative displacement. Her final position.A. Is positive. B. Is negative. C. Could be either positive or negative.
Jane starts from her house to take a stroll in her neighborhood.After walking for 2 hours at a steady pace, she has walked 4 miles and is 2 miles from home. For this time interval, what was her
Rank in order, from the most to the fewest, the number of significant figures in the following numbers. For example, if B has more than C, C has the same number as A, and A has more than D, give your

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