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college physics reasoning

Questions and Answers of College Physics Reasoning

Consider the square current loop, case 3 in Figure P20.57. It has an edge length L = 0.33 m and carries a current I = 7.5 A. The magnetic field B = 0.22 T is perpendicular to the plane of the loop.
Figure P20.57 shows several different current loops in a magnetic field.In case 1, the black line is drawn along the axis of the loop and the current is clockwise when viewed from the upper left.In
A square current loop of edge length L 0.25 m with I 4.5 A is pulled from a region where the magnetic field is zero into a region where the magnetic field is perpendicular to the loop with a
A long current-carrying wire lies on the y axis and carries current I 4.5 A along the +y direction. A magnetic field of magnitude B = 1.2 T lies in the y–z plane, directed 30° away from the y axis
A wire carries a current along the +z direction and experiences a force that lies in the x–y plane as shown in Figure P20.54. What might be the direction of B(vector) ? 60° 30°
A wire carries a current along the +z direction and experiences a force along -y. If the magnetic field is perpendicular to the wire, what is the direction of B(vecotor)?
Consider again the force on the triangular current loop in Figure P20.51, but now work out the force as a function of L, u, and B. Explain your answer. -L
A right-triangular current loop carries a current I, and a constant magnetic field B is directed perpendicular to one edge of the loop (Fig. P20.51). If u 37°, L 30 cm, and B = 2.3 T,
Consider a straight piece of copper wire of length 2 m and diameter 1 mm that carries current I 3.5 A. A magnetic field of magnitude B is directed perpendicular to the wire, and the magnetic force on
The electric current carried in a typical household circuit is about 1 A, and the Earth’s magnetic field is about 5x10-5 T. What is the approximate magnitude of the magnetic force on such a wire if
Repeat Problem 47, but assume the force is 5.6 N. Is this possible?Data from Problem 47A long, straight wire of length 0.75 m carries current I = 1.5 A in a region where B = 2.3 T. If the force on
A long, straight wire of length 0.75 m carries current I = 1.5 A in a region where B = 2.3 T. If the force on the wire is 1.4 N, what is the angle between the field and the wire?
A long, straight wire carries current I = 100 A in a region where the magnetic field has a magnitude B = 10 T, but it is found that the force on the wire is zero. Explain how that can be.
A long, straight wire of length 1.4 m carries current I = 3.5A. If a magnetic field of magnitude B = 1.5 T is directed perpendicular to the wire, what is the magnitude of the force on the wire?
Figure P20.44 shows an electron moving near a current loop which lies in the x–y plane with its center at the origin. If the electron’s velocity is parallel to the y axis, what is the direction
Figure P20.43 shows two cases in which a positively charged particle is moving near a bar magnet. What is the direction of the magnetic force in each case? Case 2 Case 1 +9 +4
A charged particle moves as shown in Figure P20.42. Is the particle positively charged or negatively charged? Figure P20.42
Figure P20.41 shows three identical particles, each with a positive charge and all moving at the same speed. In which case is B(vector) largest? Smallest? Assume B(vector) is perpendicular to the
A positively charged particle moves as shown in Figure P20.40. Which statement best describes the direction of B(vector)?(a) It is into the plane of the figure.(b) It is out of the plane of the
An electron and a proton are both moving in a circle in the x–y plane due to the force produced by a magnetic field perpendicular to the plane (Fig. P20.39).(a) If the electron moves clockwise and
A charged particle moves in the x–y plane, and a magnetic field B is directed into the plane as shown in Figure P20.38. The magnetic force on the particle causes the particle to move clockwise
How would the trajectory in Figure P20.36 change if the charge on the particle were increased by a factor of 3? How would it change if the mass were decreased by a factor of 10?Figure 36
A bubble chamber is a device used to study the trajectories of elementary particles such as electrons and protons. Figure P20.36 shows the trajectories of some typical particles, one of which is
Cosmic rays undergo a helical (i.e., spiral) trajectory as they travel to the Earth. Consider a cosmic ray that is an iron ion Fe+ traveling at 1x107 m/s. What is the approximate minimum radius of
A positively charged particle undergoes circular motion in the plane of the drawing in Figure P20.34 as a result of the magnetic force produced by a field that is perpendicular to this plane. Does
A nitrogen ion N+ is traveling through the atmosphere at a speed of 500 m/s. What is the approximate force on this ion from the Earth’s magnetic field if the ion is moving perpendicular to the
A cosmic ray of charge +5e approaches the Earth’s equator with a speed of 2.2x107 m/s. If the acceleration of this particle is 8.0x1010 m/s2, what is the approximate mass of the cosmic-ray particle?
If the particle in Problem 30 is an electron instead of a proton, what is the radius of the trajectory? Data From Problem 30A proton has an initial velocity v S B when it enters a region
A proton has an initial velocity v S B when it enters a region in which BA(vector) proton has an initial velocity is parallel to the z direction (Fig. P20.28).(a) Show that the proton will move in a
Repeat Problem 28, but now assume the particle is an electron.Data From Problem 28A proton with velocity vA(vector) (which lies in the x–z plane) enters a region in which the magnetic field is
A proton with velocity vA(vector) (which lies in the x–z plane) enters a region in which the magnetic field is along z as shown in Figure P20.28. Describe qualitatively the trajectory of the
Repeat part (c) of Problem 26, but now assume the particle’s velocity is along the -x direction at t 0.Part (C)from problem 26(c) If the particle is moving parallel to +y at t = 0, is the circular
A particle of charge 23 mC and mass 1.3 10-16 kg moves at a speed of 2000 m/s, and its velocity vector lies in the x–y plane. There is a magnetic field of magnitude 0.88 T along the +z
Figure P20.24 shows an alpha particle (a helium atom, but without the two electrons) moving with a velocity in the-x direction. If this particle experiences a force along the +z direction, what can
An alpha particle is a helium nucleus that consists of two protons bound with two neutrons. An alpha particle moving through a perpendicular magnetic field of 1.5 T experiences an acceleration of
A particle of charge q = -8.3 mC has a velocity of 600 m/s that lies in the x–y plane and makes an angle of 65° with respect to the x axis as shown in Figure P20.22. If there is a constant
A particle of charge q 7.2 mC is moving at an angle of 25° with respect to the x axis with a speed of 250 m/s. A constant magnetic field of magnitude 0.55 T is parallel to the x direction. Find the
The particle in Figure P20.20 has a negative charge, and its velocity vector lies in the x–y plane and makes an angle of 75° with the y axis. If the magnetic field is along the+x direction, what
The particle in Figure P20.19 has a positive charge, and its initial velocity is to the right when it enters a region where B(vector) is directed into the plane of the drawing. Will the particle be
A particle of unknown charge has a velocity along the +y direction. There is a constant magnetic field along the +z axis, and it is found that the magnetic force on the particle is along +x. Is the
An electron is traveling near a current-carrying wire as shown in Figure P20.17. The electron is moving along the x axis with its velocity along the +x direction, and the wire lies in the y–z plane
A proton is at the origin and is moving in the +z direction. What is the direction of the magnetic field due to the moving proton at a location on the x axis at x +1 m?
An electron is moving in the x–y plane with its velocity along the -y direction. If the magnetic force on the electron is in the +z direction when B(vector) direction. If the magnetic force on the
Consider a proton that approaches the Earth from outer space. If the proton is moving perpendicular to the Earth’s surface near the equator, what is the direction of the magnetic force on the
A proton with v = 300 m/s is moving through a region in which the magnetic field is B = 2.5 T. If the magnitude of the force on the proton is 6.4x10-17 N, what angle does the proton’s velocity make
If the particle in Problem 11 is an electron, how will the magnitude and direction of the force change?Data From Problem 11A proton moves at a speed of 1000 m/s in a direction perpendicular to a
A proton moves at a speed of 1000 m/s in a direction perpendicular to a magnetic field with a magnitude of 0.75 T. What is the magnitude of the magnetic force on the proton?
The charged particle in Figure P20.10 has a velocity along +y and experiences a force along the +x direction. Does this particle have a positive charge or a negative charge? х Figure P20.10
In Figure P20.9, bar magnet 1 is fixed in place and bar magnet 2 is free to move.(a) What is the direction of the total force on bar magnet 2?(b) What is the direction of the torque (clockwise or
In Figure P20.8, what is the direction of the force on bar magnet 3? Magnet 3 N Magnet 2 Magnet 1 Figure P20.8
A bar magnet is placed in a uniform magnetic field (Fig. P20.7).(a) What is the direction of the total force on the bar magnet?(b) What is the direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) of the torque
Use right-hand rule number 1 to find the direction of the magnetic field at point A near a wire that makes a right-angle bend as sketched in Figure P20.6. A Figure P20.6
The magnetic field produced by the current loop in Figure P20.5 is along the -z direction. Is the direction of the current in the loop clockwise or counterclockwise as viewed from above? Figure P20.5
An electron is traveling near a current- carrying wire as shown in Figure P20.4. If the magnetic force F B(vector) is directed as shown, what is the direction of the current in the wire?
Four long, straight wires each carrying a current I are oriented perpendicular to the plane of Figure P20.3, forming a square as shown. What is the direction of B(vector) at the center of the square
Suppose the currents in Figure P20.1 are in opposite directions: the current in the top wire is from left to right and the current in the bottom wire is from right to left. Find the direction of the
The two long wires in Figure P20.1 carry parallel currents of equal magnitude I. Give the direction of the total magnetic field at points A, B, C, and D. • A • B • D
A wire carries a current in the -z direction. If there is a magnetic force in the +x direction, what might be the direction of the magnetic fi eld, (a) +x, (b) -x,(c) +y,(d) -y,(e) -z,(f) -z?
Figure Q20.21 shows a straight wire of length L carrying a current I in a magnetic field of magnitude B. In all cases, the direction and magnitude of the field are the same everywhere. In which case
A square loop with constant current I is placed in a uniform magnetic field. Explain why the total force on the loop is zero, no matter how the loop is oriented relative to the field direction.
Figure Q20.19 shows in part A an electric charge q moving past a stationary bar magnet and in part B a bar magnet moving past a stationary electric charge. In which case will there be a magnetic
Blood plasma has a high content of Na+ and Cl- ions, and as blood follows through a vessel, the ions travel along at the same speed. A magnetic field is applied such that the field is perpendicular
Does a current-carrying wire placed in a magnetic field always experience a magnetic force? Explain
Two 20-penny nails are wrapped with insulated wire in the shape of a solenoid. They are then laid down end to end with the heads almost touching as shown in Figure Q20.16. If a battery
The Earth’s magnetic field is produced by the fl ow of electrons within its molten interior. If the fl ow is in the form of a ring of current in the plane of the equator, in which direction must
The bubble chamber image on the right in Figure Q20.13 (image 2) shows three particles emanating from a point marked with a red near the top of the image. The bubble chamber is in a magnetic
A bubble chamber is a device that makes the path of a charged particle visible. When a charged particle with sufficient kinetic energy passes through a liquid, it will knock electrons off the atoms
The rail gun. The simple configuration in Figure Q20.12 provides a means for launching projectiles, as long as the projectile can conduct electricity. Two copper rails are connected to a battery such
The medical technique called magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses the magnetic field produced by a large solenoid to obtain images from inside living tissue. These solenoids are large enough that a
Repeat all parts of Question 9, but this time assume the current I2 is directed out of the page and opposite to current I1.Data from question 9Two parallel wires are oriented perpendicular to the
Two parallel wires are oriented perpendicular to the page as shown in Figure Q20.9. The wires carry equal currents, and the direction of the current is into the page for each. The vertices of an
In our discussion of the solenoid in Figure 20.33B, we claimed that the field outside the solenoid is much smaller than the field inside and that it is a good approximation to assume the field
Figure Q20.7 shows the direction of B(vector) in a particular region of space. The density (i.e., spacing) of the crosses and dots indicate qualitatively the magnitude of B(vector). What is the
Make a qualitative sketch of the magnetic field near two bar magnets that are placed side by side as shown in Figure Q20.6. Figure Q20.6
Pairs of wires that allow current to fl ow into and out of a circuit are often twisted together. Figure Q20.5 shows a common type of cable with such twisted pairs. What is the advantage of pairing
A positively charged particle moves with velocity v(vector) in a region where there is a magnetic field B(vector) and a nonzero magnetic force F (vector) n the particle. Consider how these three
Consider the moving cosmic-ray particle on the right in Figure 20.45A and suppose it has a negative charge. What is the direction of the magnetic force on this particle? +9 +4 +9 Cosmic rays at
A long straight current-carrying wire is placed in a region where there is a magnetic field B(vector) that has a constant direction. If there is no magnetic force on the wire, what can you say about
The photo in Figure Q20.1 shows a beam of electrons moving from right to left in a glass tube in which a vacuum has been established. This beam is deflected downward by a magnetic field. What is the
Making your own immersion heater. Tired of having his morning cup of coffee go cold, an enterprising young physics major decides to build an immersion heater (see Problem 112) out of batteries and a
Figure P19.112A shows an immersion heater. It is just a small coil with a resistance R that is used to heat a beverage such as a cup of tea. The heater is connected to a source of emf causing heat to
. For muscle rehabilitation, patients can be fitted with a small electrical device designed to help strengthen muscle tissue. With this device, a small electrical current is passed through the muscle
Electrical wire comes in different sizes (different diameters), which are referred to according to their “gauge” number. For example, a 16-gauge wire has a diameter of approximately 1.29 mm
Consider again the configuration of resistors shown in Figure P19.108. As in Problem 108, each connection can have a resistor that is disconnected or whose value is 5.0 Ω or 10.0 Ω. This time,
Consider the configuration of resistors shown in Figure P19.108. Each connection can have a resistor that is disconnected or whose value is 5.0Ω or 10.0Ω. To determine the value of each resistor
Hydroelectric power. Niagara Falls has one of the largest hydroelectric power-generating facilities in the world, providing one fourth of New York State’s and all of Ontario’s electrical energy.
Most recreational vehicles and boats have the capability of operating electrical appliances using a 12-V battery, which either requires the use of special appliances designed to run on 12-V DC or the
As discussed in Chapter 18, lightning is one of nature’s most impressive displays. For a typical storm, a lightning bolt is generated when the average electric fi eld is about 10% of the breakdown
With the level of childhood obesity reaching epidemic proportions in the United States, one inventor decided to create a device to make children exercise to generate the electrical energy required
A 100-W lightbulb and a 60-W lightbulb are connected to a 120-V source. Determine the voltage across each lightbulb if they are connected(a) in series(b) in parallel.
A 70Ω electrical appliance and a 200 Ω electrical appliance are plugged into the outlets of a house. By what factor will the power used change if an additional 400 Ω electrical device is
Three resistors R1, R2, and R3 are initially connected in parallel to a 12-V source. The total current supplied to the three resistors is 500 μA. Assume R1 has a resistance of 40,000Ω and R2 has a
Seven capacitors are connected to a 100-V battery as shown in Figure P19.100.(a) What is the total equivalent capacitance of the circuit?(b) Determine the total charge stored in the capacitors when
Several ammeters are placed in the circuit in Figure P19.99.(a) Arrange the values of the potentials (V1, V2, . . .) from highest to lowest (b) Arrange the values of the currents measured by the
A marine battery has an emf of approximately 12.5 V and an internal resistance of 0.075Ω. The starter motor for the outboard engine requires 40 A while cranking the engine.(a) Determine the
A battery is connected to a single resistor (Fig. P19.97), and the current is measured with an ammeter. A second resistor having the same resistance is placed in parallel with the fi rst resistor.
Design a parallel-plate capacitor that is able to store the same amount of energy as in the AA battery mentioned in Example 19.2 (7000 J). Give the area of the plates, the plate separation, and the
Consider a bird as it flies to and lands on a power line with a potential V 880 V relative to ground potential. Just before the bird lands on the power line, the bird’s potential is zero; after it
Figure P19.94 shows a realistic sketch of a circuit. Draw the corresponding circuit diagram. Resistor Battery Capacitor Resistor Figure P19.94
The photo in Figure P19.93 shows an electric circuit containing resistors, batteries, and a capacitor. Draw a circuit diagram that corresponds to this circuit. Resistor Capacitor Resistor Figure

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