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systems analysis design

Questions and Answers of Systems Analysis Design

Use the superposition principle to find \(v_{\mathrm{O}}\) in Figure \(\mathrm{P}_{3}=\) 34 . 10 mA 3 2 M 5 2.5 20 mA + VO
Use the superposition principle to find \(i_{\mathrm{O}}\) in Figure P \(_{3}=35\). Verify your answer using Multisim. 1 mA (+1) 10 : 5 15 V 5 5 +1 | 12 V io 22 15
A linear circuit containing two sources drives a 100- \(\Omega\) load resistor. Source number 1 delivers \(1 \mathrm{~W}\) to the load when source number 2 is off. Source number 2 delivers \(9
A block diagram of a linear circuit is shown in Figure P \(3=37\). When \(v_{\mathrm{S}}=20 \mathrm{~V}\) and \(i_{\mathrm{S}}=40 \mathrm{~mA}\), the output voltage \(v_{\mathrm{O}}\) \(=20
A certain linear circuit has four input voltages and one output voltage \(v_{\mathrm{O}}\). The following table lists the output for different values of the four inputs. Find the input-output
For the circuit in Figure P \(3=39\), find the Thévenin and Norton equivalent circuits. 100 | 50 V 150 www 150 Wy, RT. IN
For the circuit in Figure P3-4응 find the Thévenin and Norton equivalent circuits. 11 MA 0 VT. Ry. N
(a) Find the Thévenin or Norton equivalent circuit seen by \(R_{\mathrm{L}}\) in Figure \(\mathrm{P}_{3}=4 \underline{1}\).(b) Select a \(5 \%\) value of \(R_{\mathrm{L}}\) from Appendix
(a) Find the Thévenin equivalent circuit seen by \(R_{\mathrm{L}}\) in Figure \(\mathrm{P}_{3}=4 \underline{2}\).(b) Repeat (a) using Multisim.(c) Find the voltage across the load and the power
Find the Norton equivalent seen by \(R_{\mathrm{L}}\) in Figure \(\mathrm{P}_{3}=\) 43 . Find the current through the load when \(R_{\mathrm{L}}=5 \mathrm{k} \Omega, 10 \mathrm{k} \Omega\), and \(47
The Thévenin equivalent parameters of a two-terminal source are \(v_{\mathrm{T}}=5 \mathrm{~V}\) and \(R_{\mathrm{T}}=150 \Omega\). Find the minimum allowable load resistance if the delivered load
(a) Create the circuit shown in Figure P3-45 in Multisim. Do a parameter sweep of the load resistor \(R_{\mathrm{L}}\) (arbitrarily set to \(1 \mathrm{k} \Omega\) ) from \(1 \mathrm{k} \Omega\) to
(a) Use Multisim to find the Norton equivalent at terminals \(A\) and B in Figure P \(3=4 \underline{6}\).(b) Use the Norton equivalent circuit found in part (a) to determine the power dissipated in
The circuit in Figure P \(3=4\).7. was solved earlier using superposition (Problem 3-34). In this problem solve for the voltage across the load resistor \(v_{\mathrm{L}}\) by first finding the
Assume that Figure P3-4 4 represents a model of the auxiliary output port of a car. The output current is \(i=2 \mathrm{~A}\) when measured by a very low-resistance ammeter. The voltage is \(V=\)
The \(i-v\) characteristic of the active circuit represented by Figure P \(3=4 \underline{8}\) is \(5 v+500 i=100\). Find the output voltage when a 100- \(\Omega\) resistive load is connected. 10 mA
You have successfully completed the first course in Circuits I, and as part of an undergraduate work-study program your former professor has asked you to help her grade a Circuits I quiz. On the
(a) Use a sequence of source transformations and the lookback method to find the Thévenin equivalent at terminals A and B in Figure P \(3=51\).(b) Then select a resistor to connect across A and B so
The circuit in Figure P3=52 provides power to a number of loads connected in parallel. The circuit is protected by a 1-mA fuse with a nominal \(100-\Omega\) resistance. Each load is \(10 \mathrm{k}
You need to determine the Thévenin equivalent circuit of a more complex linear circuit. A technician tells you she made two measurements using her DMM on the circuit. The first was with a
A blue LED is connected across a two-terminal source whose Thévenin equivalent is \(v_{\mathrm{T}}=3 \mathrm{~V}\) and \(R_{\mathrm{T}}=10 \Omega\). The \(i-v\) characteristic of the LED is
A non-linear device has the following \(i-v\) characteristics \(i=2.6 \times 10^{-5} v^{3}\). It is connected to a Thévenin circuit with a \(v_{\mathrm{T}}=150 \mathrm{~V}\) and an
Find the Norton equivalent seen by \(R_{\mathrm{L}}\) in Figure \(\mathrm{P}_{3}=5 \underline{6}\).Select the value of \(R_{\mathrm{L}}\) so that(a) \(3 \mathrm{~V}\) is delivered to the load.(b)
For the circuit of Figure \(\mathrm{P}_{3}=57\), find the value of \(R_{\mathrm{L}}\) that will result in(a) Maximum voltage. What is that voltage?(b) Maximum current. What is that current?(c)
For the circuit of Figure \(\mathrm{P}_{3}=5 \underline{8}\), find the value of \(R_{\mathrm{L}}\) that will result in:(a) Maximum voltage. What is that voltage?(b) Maximum current. What is that
The resistance \(R\) in Figure P3=59. is adjusted until maximum power is delivered to the load consisting of \(R\) and the \(12-\mathrm{k} \Omega\) resistor in parallel.(a) Find the required value of
Find the value of \(R\) in the circuit of Figure \(\mathrm{P}_{3}-60\) so that maximum power is delivered to the load. What is the value of the maximum power? 10 V + 50 R 5 2 Load
Express the following quantities to the nearest standard prefix using no more than three digits.(a) \(3600 \mathrm{~s}\)(b) \(5 \times 10^{13} \mathrm{~W}\)(c) \(850,000 \mathrm{~Hz}\)(d) \(68 \times
Express the following quantities to the nearest standard prefix using no more than three digits.(a) \(0.00067 \mathrm{~A}\)(b) \(5.67 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{H}\)(c) \(1,850,000 \mathrm{C}\)(d)
An ampere-hour (Ah) meter measures the time integral of the current in a conductor. During an 8-hour period, a certain meter records \(5400 \mathrm{Ah}\). Find the number of coulombs that flowed
Fill in the blanks in the following statements.(a) To convert capacitance from femtofarads to microfarads, multiply by(b) To convert resistance from megohms to kilohms, multiply by_____________.(c)
Place in increasing value the following:(a) \(1500 \mathrm{~m} \Omega\)(b) \(0.1632 \Omega\)(c) \(0.00112 \mathrm{k} \Omega\)(d) \(0.0000016 \mathrm{M} \Omega\)
The net positive charge flowing through a device is \(q(t)=\) \(20+4 t \mathrm{mC}\). Find the current through the device.
Figure P1-7. shows a plot of the net positive charge flowing in a wire versus time. Sketch the corresponding current during the same period of time. Charge (C) 30 20 10- 0 -10 -20 L 2 3 4 6 -Time (s)
The net negative charge flowing through a device varies as \(q\) \((t)=5.0 t^{2} \mathrm{C}\). Find the current through the device at \(t=0,1.0\), and \(2.0 \mathrm{~s}\).
The charge flowing through a device is \(q(t)=1-e^{-}\) \(1000{ }^{t} \mu \mathrm{C}\). What will the current be after \(1.6094 \mathrm{~ms}\) ?
The \(12-V\) automobile battery in Figure \(\mathrm{P}_{1-10}\) has an output capacity of 100 Ah when connected to a head lamp that absorbs \(200 \mathrm{~W}\) of power. The car engine is not running
The current through a device is zero for \(t
When illuminated the \(i-v\) relationship for a photocell is \(i=\) \(e^{v}-10 \mathrm{~A}\). For \(v=-2,1\), and \(2.5 \mathrm{~V}\), find the device power and state whether it is absorbing or
The maximum current allowed by a device's power rating is limited by a \(10-\mathrm{mA}\) fuse. When the device is connected to a \(5-\mathrm{V}\) source, what is the maximum power the device can
Traffic lights are being converted from incandescent bulbs to LED arrays to save operating and maintenance costs. Typically, each incandescent light uses three \(116-\mathrm{W}\) bulbs, one for each
Two electrical devices are connected as shown in Figure \(\mathrm{P} 1-15\). Using the reference marks shown in the figure, find the power transferred and state whether the power is transferred from
Figure P1-16 shows an electric circuit with a voltage and a current variable assigned to each of the six devices. The device voltages and currents are observed to be as follows:Find the power
Figure P1-16 shows an electric circuit with a voltage and a current variable assigned to each of the six devices. Use power balance to find \(v_{4}\) when \(v_{1}=24 \mathrm{~V}, i_{1}=-2.1
An ion implanter is used to accelerate electrons to crash into a silicon wafer to study the effects of electron radiation damage on the devices on the wafer. If the beam carries \(10^{16}\) electrons
Repeat Problem 1-16 using MATLAB to perform the calculations. Create a vector for the voltage values, \(v=\left[\begin{array}{ll}15 & 5\end{array}ight.\) 10-10 20 20 \(]\), and a vector for the
A stereo amplifier takes the output of a CD player, for example, and increases the power to an audible level. Suppose the output of the CD player is \(25 \mathrm{~mW}\) and the desired audible output
A manufacturer's data sheet for the converter in Figure P1-21 states that the output voltage is \(v_{\mathrm{dc}}=12 \mathrm{~V}\) when the input voltage \(v_{\mathrm{ac}}=120 \mathrm{~V}\). When the
A capacitor is a two-terminal device that can store electric charge. In a linear capacitor, the amount of charge stored is proportional to the voltage across the device. For a particular device the
You need to provide sufficient light for a work area, and you determine that 1600 lumens would be adequate. You discover that there are four competing light sources that can deliver that amount of
A circuit consists of five voltages, namely, \(v_{\mathrm{a}}, v_{\mathrm{b}}, v_{\mathrm{c}}, v_{\mathrm{d}}\), and \(v_{\mathrm{e}}\). The voltage from \(v_{\mathrm{a}}\) to \(v_{\mathrm{b}}\) is
The current through a \(47-\mathrm{k} \Omega\) resistor is \(2.2 \mathrm{~mA}\). Find the voltage across the resistor.
The voltage across a particular resistor is \(8.85 \mathrm{~V}\) and the current is \(305 \mu \mathrm{A}\). What is the actual resistance of the resistor? Using Appendix G, what is the likely
You can choose to connect either a \(3.3-\mathrm{k} \Omega\) resistor or a \(33-\mathrm{k} \Omega\) resistor across a \(5-\mathrm{V}\) source. Which will draw the least current from the source? What
A \(1 / 2\)-A fuse has a nominal resistance of \(256 \mathrm{~m} \Omega\). How much voltage is dropped across the fuse at maximum current?
Aimage 2-5 In Figure P2-5, the resistor dissipates 50 W50 W.(a) Find RxRx.(b) Will the fuse blow?Schematic illustration of the resistor dissipates 50 W50 W. + 14 A 220 V Px = 50 W Rx
2-6 In Figure \(\mathrm{P}_{2}-6\) find \(R_{\mathrm{x}}\) and the power supplied by the source.Schematic illustration of find \(\mathrm{R} x\) and the power supplied by the source. 10 mA + 100 V Rx
(a) A resistor found in the lab has three red stripes followed by a silver stripe. An ohmmeter measures its resistance as \(2.56 \mathrm{k} \Omega\). Is the resistor properly color coded?(b) You need
A 10- \(\Omega\) wire-wound power resistor is needed as a load in an audio system. At peak power the load can have up to \(3 \mathrm{~A}\) flowing through it. What is the minimum power rating that
Figure P2-9. shows the circuit symbol for a class of two-terminal devices called diodes. The \(i-v\) relationship for a specific \(p n\) junction diode is \(i=5 \times 10^{-17}\left(e^{40 v}-1ight)
A thermistor is a temperature-sensing element composed of a semiconductor material, which exhibits a large change in resistance proportional to a small change in temperature. A particular thermistor
In Figure P2-11:(a) Identify the elements that are in series and/or in parallel.(b) How many nodes and loops are there?(c) If \(i_{2}=-6 \mathrm{~A}\) and \(i_{3}=2 \mathrm{~A}\). Find \(i_{1}\) and
In Figure P2-12 determine which elements are in series, parallel, or neither. How many different nodes and loops are there in the circuit? Then if \(v_{2}=3 \mathrm{~V}\) and \(v_{3}=5 \mathrm{~V}\),
In Figure \(\mathrm{P}_{2-13}, i_{2}=-50 \mathrm{~mA}\) and \(i_{4}=15 \mathrm{~mA}\). Find \(i_{1}\) and \(i_{3}\). B C
For the circuit in Figure P2-14:(a) Identify the nodes and at least five loops in the circuit.(b) Is a loop made up of elements 1, 5, 4, and 3 a real loop?(c) Is a loop made up of elements \(2,4,6\),
At sea level, a person has a mass of 175 lbm. Determine the weight of this person in newtons (N).
At sea level on the earth, an astronaut weighs 700 N. Determine the astronaut’s weight in newtons (N),a. On the surface of the moon where g = 1.6 m/s2b. On the surface of Mars where g = 3.7 m/s2
An empty hot tub has a mass of 320 kg. When filled, the tub holds 600 gallons of water (ρ = 62.4 lbm/ft3). The local acceleration due to gravity is 32 ft/s2. Determine the total weight of the hot
A 100-W incandescent light bulb in a lamp is turned on for a period of 12 hours each day for a month (30 days). If the cost of electrical energy is $0.083/kWh, determine the total cost required to
A residential natural gas furnace in a home has an average daily heat output of 32,000 Btu/h during the month of December to maintain the home at 70°F. The natural gas being used has a density of
A steam power plant has an average monthly net power delivery of 740 MW over the course of a year. This power delivery is accomplished by burning coal in the boiler. The coal has a heating value of
A pump is being used in a system that is circulating liquid hexane at 80°F (ρ = 40.9 lbm/ft3). The volumetric flow rate of the hexane through the pump is 125 gallons per minute (gpm). Determine the
The net thermal efficiency of an internal combustion engine is given by,where HV is the heating value of the fuel and sfc is the specific fuel consumption of the engine. Consider an engine operating
The net thermal efficiency of an internal combustion engine is given by,where HV is the heating value of the fuel and sfc is the specific fuel consumption of the engine. Consider an engine operating
An operating parameter often used by power plant engineers is the heat rate. The heat rate is defined as,where Qboiler is the heat transfer rate (Btu/h) to the water in the boiler due to combustion
The Reynolds number of a flow in a circular pipe is defined as,where V is the fluid velocity, D is the pipe diameter, and ρ and μ are the fluid’s density and dynamic viscosity, respectively.
The Prandtl number is a fluid property defined as,where the fluid properties are cp (heat capacity), μ (dynamic viscosity), and k (thermal conductivity). Using the property tables in Appendix B.3
The specific energy of a flowing fluid is defined as,where u is the internal energy of the fluid, V is its velocity, and z is its elevation relative to an arbitrary datum. Consider a flow of
The Graetz number is used to determine the thermal entry length for developing flow in pipes. The Graetz number for flow in a circular pipe is defined as,where D is the inside diameter of the pipe, L
The enthalpy of a fluid is defined as,where u, P, and v, are internal energy, pressure, and specific volume, respectively.Consider a sample of saturated vapor water at 380°F. Using the property data
A sample of carbon dioxide gas is subject to a process where its temperature changes from an initial temperature of 300 K to a final temperature of 900 K.Determine the enthalpy change of the carbon
The manufacturer of synthetic motor oil lists the viscosity of their 0W20 oil as 47.0 cSt and 8.8 cSt at 40°C and 100°C, respectively. The 0W20 product data sheet also indicates that the specific
Heat is being transferred through the wall of a furnace at a flux of 160 Btu/hr-ft2.The temperatures on each side of the furnace wall are 1200°F and 300°F. The furnace wall is 12 inches thick. If
The top view of a processing line in an industrial facility is shown in Figure P1.19A. The processing line machinery and thermal equipment are located in the gray area. Water is to be supplied to the
The cross-section of a steam boiler is shown in Figure P1.20. Water is boiled inside of tubes using combustion gases flowing over the tubes. The tubes are arranged in a square array that is eight
Pick a topic in the general area of thermal energy systems of interest to you and research the ethical issues associated with environmental impact and/or sustainability related to subject you
Using computer software as assigned by your course instructor, develop a program that will allow you to quickly compute the discrete interest factor shown in Table 2.2. Use this program to calculate
A small-scale silver mine in north Idaho is up for sale by bid. A mining engineer estimates that at current production levels, the mine will yield an annual net income of $80,000 for 35 years, after
A company has a short-term storage need. A proposal is brought forth to build a temporary warehouse at a cost of $18,000. The annual operating and maintenance (OM) cost of the facility is estimated
The engineering supervisor in a company is recommending the purchase of a new machine for a production line. The machine has an initial cost of $310,000 and is expected to be functional for 25 years.
In a chemical processing plant, liquid cyclohexane (ρ = 48.5 lbm/ft3) flows through a piping system (pump, piping, valves, etc.) at a rate of 1000 gpm as it is being transported from one process to
Proud parents wish to establish a college savings fund for their newly born child.Monthly deposits will be made into an investment account that provides an annual rate of return of 4.5% compounded
Joan Johnson and Steve Smith, two mechanical engineers working for the ACME Machine Company were having lunch together one day. They were lamenting the fact that the United States Social Security
A high-tech company wants to have $2.5 billion available in 5 years to develop a new product. The company expects to invest uniformly increasing amounts of money each year to meet this goal. At the
An electric utility is considering a photovoltaic (PV) solar panel system to provide power to water conditioning pumps within the power plant. The project will be done in two phases. Phase 1 has an
A company has invested in a new machine for its production line. The initial cost of the machine is $12,000 and it is expected to last for five years with no salvage value at that time. Annual
The initial cost of a proposed heat recovery system is $375,000. The annual operation and maintenance costs are projected to be $12,000. The salvage value of the system at the end of its useful life
A manufacturing firm entered into a 10-year contract for raw materials. The contract required an initial payment of $14,000 and $22,000 per year beginning at the end of the fourth year. The company
A storage tank for toxic chemicals has an initial cost of $20,000. The tank is expected to last for 25 years, at which point it is discarded with no salvage value.Every five years during its use, the
Two electric motors are available to satisfy a continuous demand of 85 kW. Motor 1 has an initial cost of $5,500 with an operating efficiency of 91%. Motor 2 has an initial cost of $4,000 with an

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