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mathematics
statistics the art and science
Questions and Answers of
Statistics The Art and Science
Using the data to find a 99% confidence intervalA change in this process is described. If all else stays the same, which of the following confidence intervals (A, B, or C) is the most likely result
Using 1000 bootstrap samples for the distributionA change in this process is described. If all else stays the same, which of the following confidence intervals (A, B, or C) is the most likely result
Find a 95% confidence interval if 35 agree in a random sample of 100 people.Give information about the proportion of a sample that agree with a certain statement. Use StatKey or other technology to
In Exercise 3.82, we introduce a study to estimate the difference in mean immune response (as measured in the study) between tea drinkers and coffee drinkers. The data are given in Table 3.12 on page
Exercise 3.87 on page 205 asked you to use the standard error to construct a 95% confidence interval for the standard deviation of penalty minutes for NHL players.(a) Assuming the data in
How many ants will climb on a piece of a peanut butter sandwich left on the ground near an ant hill? To study this, a student in Australia left a piece of a sandwich for several minutes, then covered
A type of small snail is very widespread in Japan, and colonies of the snails that are genetically similar have been found very far apart. Scientists wondered how the snails could travel such long
In a random sample of 1000 people, 382 people agree, 578 disagree, and 40 are undecided.Give information about the proportion of a sample that agrees with a certain statement. Use StatKey or other
In a random sample of 400 people, 112 agree and 288 disagree.Give information about the proportion of a sample that agrees with a certain statement. Use StatKey or other technology to estimate the
In a random sample of 100 people, 35 agree.Give information about the proportion of a sample that agrees with a certain statement. Use StatKey or other technology to estimate the standard error from
The bootstrap distribution in Figure 3.19(d), generated for a difference in sample means.Figure 3.19 d.Use the bootstrap distributions in Figure 3.19 to estimate the point estimate and standard
The bootstrap distribution in Figure 3.19(c), generated for a sample correlation.Figure 3.19 c.Use the bootstrap distributions in Figure 3.19 to estimate the point estimate and standard error, and
The bootstrap distribution in Figure 3.19(b), generated for a sample mean.Figure 3.19 bUse the bootstrap distributions in Figure 3.19 to estimate the point estimate and standard error, and then use
The bootstrap distribution in Figure 3.19(a), generated for a sample proportion.Figure 3.19 a.Use the bootstrap distributions in Figure 3.19 to estimate the point estimate and standard error, and
Original sample: 85, 72, 79, 97, 88.Do the values given constitute a possible bootstrap sample from the original sample?(a) 79, 79, 97, 85, 88(b) 72, 79, 85, 88, 97(c) 85, 88, 97, 72(d) 88, 97, 81,
Original sample: 17, 10, 15, 21, 13, 18.Do the values given constitute a possible bootstrap sample from the original sample?(a) 10, 12, 17, 18, 20, 21(b) 10, 15, 17(c) 10, 13, 15, 17, 18, 21(d) 18,
Suppose that a student is working on a statistics project using data on pulse rates collected from a random sample of 100 students from her college. She finds a 95% confidence interval for mean pulse
In the experiment described above under Fish Democracies, the schools of fish in the study with an opinionated minority and a less passionate majority picked the majority option only about 17% of the
In a school of fish with a minority of strongly opinionated fish wanting to aim for the yellow mark and a majority of less passionate fish wanting to aim for the blue mark, as described under Fish
Fish can be trained quite easily. With just seven days of training, golden shiner fish learn to pick a color (yellow or blue) to receive a treat, and the fish will swim to that color immediately. On
Overeating for just four weeks can increase fat mass and weight over two years later, a Swedish study shows. Researchers recruited 18 healthy and normal-weight people with an average age of 26. For a
Throughout the US presidential election of 2012, polls gave regular updates on the sample proportion supporting each candidate and the margin of error for the estimates. This attempt to predict the
Bisphenol A (BPA) is in the lining of most canned goods, and recent studies have shown a positive association between BPA exposure and behavior and health problems. How much does canned soup
A new study provides some evidence that playing action video games strengthens a person’s ability to translate sensory information quickly into accurate decisions. Researchers had 23 male
In Data 2.1 on page 46, we describe a study in which a random sample of 2625 US adults were asked whether they agree or disagree that there is only one true love for each
In Data 2.1 on page 46, we describe a study in which a random sample of 2625 US adults were asked whether they agree or disagree that there is ‘‘only one true love for each person.” The study
A random sample of n = 755 US cell phone users age 18 and older in May 2011 found that the average number of text messages sent or received per day is 41.5 messages, with standard error about 6.1.(a)
A random sample of n = 1483 adults in the US were asked whether they consider a car a necessity or a luxury, and we find that a 95% confidence interval for the proportion saying that it is a
A report from a Gallup poll in 2011 started by saying, ‘‘Forty-five percent of American adults reported getting their health insurance from an employer...” Later in the article we find
According to a recent study of 7335 young people in the US, 30% had been arrested for a crime other than a traffic violation by the age of 23. Crimes included such things as vandalism, underage
p̂1 − p̂2 = 0.08 and the margin of error for 95% confidence is ±3%.Information about a sample is given. Assuming that the sampling distribution is symmetric and bell-shaped, use the information
x̅1 − x̅2 = 3.0 and the margin of error for 95% confidence is 1.2.Information about a sample is given. Assuming that the sampling distribution is symmetric and bell-shaped, use the information to
r = −0.46 and the margin of error for 95% confidence is 0.05.Information about a sample is given. Assuming that the sampling distribution is symmetric and bell-shaped, use the information to give a
r = 0.34 and the standard error is 0.02.Information about a sample is given. Assuming that the sampling distribution is symmetric and bell-shaped, use the information to give a 95% confidence
x̅ = 55 and the standard error is 1.5.Information about a sample is given. Assuming that the sampling distribution is symmetric and bell-shaped, use the information to give a 95% confidence
p̂ = 0.32 and the standard error is 0.04.Information about a sample is given. Assuming that the sampling distribution is symmetric and bell-shaped, use the information to give a 95% confidence
A 95% confidence interval for a proportion is 0.72 to 0.79. Is the value given a plausible value of p?(a) p = 0.85(b) p = 0.75(c) p = 0.07A 95% confidence interval is given, followed by possible
A 95% confidence interval for a mean is 112.1 to 128.2. Is the value given a plausible value of μ?(a) μ = 121(b) μ = 113.4(c) μ = 105.3A 95% confidence interval is given, followed by possible
For μ1 − μ2, using x̅1 − x̅2 = 5 with margin of error 8.Construct an interval estimate for the given parameter using the given sample statistic and margin of error.
For ρ, using r = 0.62 with margin of error 0.05.Construct an interval estimate for the given parameter using the given sample statistic and margin of error.
For p, using p̂ = 0.37 with margin of error 0.02.Construct an interval estimate for the given parameter using the given sample statistic and margin of error.
For μ, using x̅ = 25 with margin of error 3.Construct an interval estimate for the given parameter using the given sample statistic and margin of error.
Exercise 3.36 tells us that 181 of the 273 inductees to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame have been performers. The data are given in Rock and Roll. Using all inductees as your population:(a) Use
Exercise 3.35 tells us that 41 of the 273 inductees to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame have been female or have included female members. The data are given in Rock and Roll. Using all inductees as
From its founding through 2012, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame has inducted 273 groups or individuals, and 181 of the inductees have been performers while the rest have been related to the world of
Use StatKey or other technology to generate a sampling distribution of sample means using a sample size of n = 10 from the population of all times to finish the 2008 Olympic Men’s Marathon,
Use StatKey or other technology to generate a sampling distribution of sample means using a sample size of n = 5 from the Points values in Table 3.4 on page 174, which gives the number of points for
In the 2008 Olympic Men’s Marathon, 76 athletes finished the race. Their times are stored in the file Olympic Marathon. Use the times stored in the Minutes column.(a) Use StatKey, other technology,
Table 3.4 on page 174 gives the number of points for all 24 players on the Ottawa Senators NHL hockey team, also available in the dataset Ottawa Senators.Table 3.4(a) Use StatKey, other technology,
A company that sells boxes of screws claims that a box of its screws contains on average 50 screws (μ = 50). Figure 3.10 shows a distribution of sample means collected from many
Suppose that 5% of the screws a company sells are defective. Figure 3.9 shows sample proportions from two sampling distributions:One shows samples of size 100, and the other shows samples of size
Data 2.7 on page 93 introduces the dataset HollywoodMovies2011, which contains information on all the 136 movies that came out of Hollywood in 2011. One of the variables is the budget (in millions of
A study of n = 2252 adults age 18 or older found that 72% of the cell phone users send and receive text messages. A study of n = 800 teens age 12 to 17 found that 87% of the teen cell phone users
In preparing for a test on a set of material, is it better to study one topic at a time or to study topics mixed together? In one study, a sample of fourth graders were taught four equations. Half of
The US Census indicates that 35% of US residents are less than 25 years old. Figure 3.7 shows possible sampling distributions for the proportion of a sample less than 25 years old, for samples of
The latest US Census lists the average household size for all households in the US as 2.61. (A household is all people occupying a housing unit as their primary place of residence.) Figure 3.6 shows
The use of topical painkiller ointment or gel rather than pills for pain relief was approved just within the last few years in the US for prescription use only. Insurance records show that the
Florida has over 7700 lakes. We wish to estimate the correlation between the pH levels of all Florida lakes and the mercury levels of fish in the lakes. We see in Data 2.4 on page 68 that the
A survey conducted in May of 2010 asked 2252 adults in the US ‘‘Do you own a laptop computer?” The number saying yes was 1238. What is the best estimate for the proportion of US adults owning a
A random sample of n = 1675 Internet users in the US in January 2010 found that 469 of them have customized their web browser’s home page to include news from sources and on topics that
Using the sampling distribution shown in Figure 3.5(d), how likely are these sample proportions:Figure 3.5 d.(a) pÌ = 0.72(b) pÌ = 0.88(c) pÌ = 0.95Refer to the
Using the sampling distribution shown in Figure 3.5(c), how likely are these sample means:Figure 3.5c.(a) xÌ = 250(b) xÌ = 305(c) xÌ = 315Refer to the sampling
Using the sampling distribution shown in Figure 3.5(b), how likely are these sample means:Figure 3.5b.(a) xÌ = 70(b) xÌ = 100(c) xÌ = 140Refer to the sampling
Saab, a Swedish car manufacturer, is interested in estimating average monthly sales in the US, using the following sales figures from a sample of five months:658, 456,
A sample of prices of skateboards for sale online is shown in Table 3.11 and is available in the dataset Skateboard Prices.Table 3.11(a) What are the mean and standard deviation of the 20 skateboard
The phrase ‘‘You dirty rat” does rats a disservice. In a recent study, rats showed compassion that surprised scientists. Twenty-three of the 30 rats in the study freed another trapped rat in
Exercise 3.79 describes a study in which rats showed compassion by freeing a trapped rat. In the study, all six of the six female rats showed compassion by freeing the trapped rat while 17 of the 24
Exercise 3.27 on page 176 compares studies which measure the proportions of adult and teen cell phone users that send/receive text messages. The summary statistics are repeated below:Figure 3.21
Researchers suspect that drinking tea might enhance the production of interferon gamma, a molecule that helps the immune system fight bacteria, viruses, and tumors. A recent study involved 21 healthy
Exercise 2.144 on page 102 introduces the dataset Traffic Flow, which gives delay time in seconds for 24 simulation runs in Dresden, Germany, comparing the current timed traffic light system on each
In addition to the commute time (in minutes), the Commute Atlanta dataset gives the distance for the commutes (in miles) for 500 workers sampled from the Atlanta metropolitan area.(a) Find the mean
The data in CommuteAtlanta contains information on both the Distance (in miles) and Time (in minutes) for a sample of 500 Atlanta commutes. We expect the correlation between these two variables to be
To create a confidence interval from a bootstrap distribution using percentiles, we keep the middle values and chop off a certain percent from each tail. Indicate what percent of values must be
Using an original sample of size n = 45A change in this process is described. If all else stays the same, which of the following confidence intervals (A, B, or C) is the most likely result after the
Using an original sample of size n = 16A change in this process is described. If all else stays the same, which of the following confidence intervals (A, B, or C) is the most likely result after the
Using 10,000 bootstrap samples for the distributionA change in this process is described. If all else stays the same, which of the following confidence intervals (A, B, or C) is the most likely
Find a 95% confidence interval if 180 agree in a random sample of 250 people.Give information about the proportion of a sample that agree with a certain statement. Use StatKey or other technology to
Find a 90% confidence interval if 112 agree and 288 disagree in a random sample of 400 people.Give information about the proportion of a sample that agree with a certain statement. Use StatKey or
Find a 99% confidence interval if, in a random sample of 1000 people, 382 agree, 578 disagree, and 40 can’t decide.Give information about the proportion of a sample that agree with a certain
A sample of 10 IQ scores was used to create the bootstrap distribution of sample means inFigure 3.30.(a) Estimate the mean of the original sample of IQ scores.(b) The distribution was created using
In Exercise 3.86 on page 204, we construct an interval estimate for mean penalty minutes given to NHL players in a season using data from players on the Ottawa Senators as our sample. Some
In a recent poll of 1000 American adults, the number saying that exercise is an important part of daily life was 753. Use StatKey or other technology to find and interpret a 90% confidence interval
Across nine European countries in a large-scale survey, people had a hard time identifying signs of a stroke or heart attack. The survey included 10,228 inhabitants of Austria, France, Germany,
Exercise 2.17 on page 55 describes a study in which scientists train dogs to smell cancer. Researchers collected breath and stool samples from patients with cancer as well as from healthy people. A
Data 2.12 on page 119 describes information from a sample of 157 restaurant bills collected at the First Crush bistro. The data is available in RestaurantTips. Create a bootstrap distribution using
Data 2.12 on page 119 describes information from a sample of 157 restaurant bills collected at the First Crush bistro. The data is available in RestaurantTips. Two intervals are given below for the
Data 1.1 on page 4 includes lots of information on a sample of 362 college students. The complete dataset is available at StudentSurvey. We see that 27 of the 193 males in the sample smoke while 16
Is there a home field advantage in soccer? We are specifically interested in the Football Association (FA) premier league, a football (soccer) league in Great Britain known for having especially
Table 3.15 shows land area (in 1000 sq km) and percent living in rural areas for a random sample of 10 countries selected from the AllCountries dataset. The data for this sample is stored in
Table 3.15 shows land area (in 1000 sq km) and percent living in rural areas for a random sample of 10 countries from the AllCountries dataset that are stored in TenCountries.Table 3.15(a) Using the
The datafile CommuteAtlanta contains a sample of commute times for 500 workers in the Atlanta area as described in Data 3.3 on page 193. The data in CommuteStLouis has similar information on the
As we have seen, bootstrap distributions are generally symmetric and bell-shaped and centered at the value of the original sample statistic. However, strange things can happen when the sample size is
In Exercise 3.60 on page 191, we describe a study in which participants ate significantly more and exercised significantly less for a month. Two and half years later, participants weighed an average
Figure 3.32 shows bootstrap distributions for the standard deviation of two different datasets. In each case, if appropriate, use the bootstrap distribution to estimate and interpret a 95% confidence
To create a confidence interval from a bootstrap distribution using percentiles, we keep the middle values and chop off some number of the lowest values and the highest values. If our bootstrap
Using the data to find a 90% confidence intervalA change in this process is described. If all else stays the same, which of the following confidence intervals (A, B, or C) is the most likely result
For the dataset 45, 46, 48, 49, 49, 50, 50, 52, 52, 54, 57, 57, 58, 58, 60, 61.(a) Without doing any calculations, estimate which of the following numbers is closest to the mean:60, 53,
Indicate whether the five number summary corresponds most likely to a distribution that is skewed to the left, skewed to the right, or symmetric.(100, 110, 115, 160, 220)
Indicate whether the five number summary corresponds most likely to a distribution that is skewed to the left, skewed to the right, or symmetric.(0, 15, 22, 24, 27)
The value 243 in a dataset with mean 200 and standard deviation 25.Find and interpret the z-score for the data value given.
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